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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2013

4 results

Melanocortin 3/4 receptors in paraventricular nucleus modulate sympathetic outflow and blood pressure.

Li P, Cui BP, Zhang LL, Sun HJ, Liu TY, Zhu GQ

Experimental physiology7 Aug 2012Cited by 58 (Europe PMC)

PMID22872662 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1113/expphysiol.2012.067256 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-22872662
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In anaesthetized rats, microinjection of melanotan II into the PVN increased renal sympathetic nerve activity.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II injected into a brain area called the PVN raised nerve activity to the kidney.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseRenal sympathetic nerve activity
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Anaesthetized rats
    Outcome group
    Blood pressure · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · microinjection into the paraventricular nucleusAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Microinjection of the MC3/4R agonist melanotan II (MTII) into the PVN increased the RSNA and MAP.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded in anaesthetized rats.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In anaesthetized rats, microinjection of melanotan II into the PVN increased mean arterial pressure.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II injected into a brain area called the PVN raised blood pressure.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseMean arterial pressure
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Anaesthetized rats
    Outcome group
    Blood pressure · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · microinjection into the paraventricular nucleusAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Microinjection of the MC3/4R agonist melanotan II (MTII) into the PVN increased the RSNA and MAP.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded in anaesthetized rats.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, melanotan II increased the cAMP level in the PVN.

    In plain wordsIn rats, melanotan II raised cAMP, a cell signalling molecule, in the PVN brain area.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreasecAMP level in the PVN
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Anaesthetized rats
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · microinjection into the paraventricular nucleusAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, MTII increased the cAMP level in the PVN.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded in anaesthetized rats.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, Melanotan II was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Melanotan II.

  1. 04AnimalNot a test of Melanotan II aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, pretreatment of the PVN with AgRP, SHU9119, SQ22536 or Rp-cAMP abolished the effects of MTII on renal sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure.

    In plain wordsIn rats, blockers of the MC3/4 receptor and its cAMP pathway stopped the effects of melanotan II on nerve activity and blood pressure.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseBlockade of MTII effects by pretreatment with antagonists and pathway inhibitors
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Anaesthetized rats
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Cardiovascular

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The effects of MTII were abolished by pretreatment of the PVN with AgRP, SHU9119, the adenylate cyclase inhibitor SQ22536 or the protein kinase A inhibitor Rp-cAMP, and substantially attenuated by HS024.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded in anaesthetized rats.

    In this study, Melanotan II was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Melanotan II.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    10 Oct 2026, 09:43 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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