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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2012

4 results

NOD2 enhances the innate response of alveolar macrophages to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans.

Juárez E, Carranza C, Hernández-Sánchez F, León-Contreras JC, Hernández-Pando R, Escobedo D, Torres M, Torres M, Sada E

European journal of immunology1 Apr 2012Cited by 93 (Europe PMC)

PMID22531915 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1002/eji.201142105 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-22531915
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01LabEndogenous levelEx vivo tissueMechanism

    In human alveolar macrophages, NOD2 ligation induced transcription of LL37.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests on human lung macrophages, NOD2 activation raised the body's own LL37 gene activity.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseLL37 transcription after NOD2 ligation
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    human alveolar macrophages
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    NOD2 ligation induced the transcription and protein expression of the antimicrobial peptide LL37 and the autophagy enzyme IRGM in alveolar macrophages, demonstrating a novel function for this receptor in these cells.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02LabEndogenous levelEx vivo tissueMechanism

    In human alveolar macrophages, NOD2 ligation induced protein expression of LL37.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests on human lung macrophages, NOD2 activation raised the body's own LL37 protein.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseLL37 protein expression after NOD2 ligation
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    human alveolar macrophages
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    NOD2 ligation induced the transcription and protein expression of the antimicrobial peptide LL37 and the autophagy enzyme IRGM in alveolar macrophages, demonstrating a novel function for this receptor in these cells.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03LabEndogenous levelEx vivo tissueMechanism

    In human alveolar macrophages infected with virulent M. tuberculosis, MDP treatment was associated with overexpression of LL37.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests on infected human lung macrophages, the NOD2 ligand MDP was linked to more of the body's own LL37.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseLL37 overexpression after MDP treatment in infected macrophages
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    human alveolar macrophages
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    MDP treatment of alveolar macrophages improved the intracellular growth control of virulent M. tuberculosis; this was associated with a significant release of TNF-α and IL-6 and overexpression of bactericidal LL37.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, LL-37 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking LL-37.

  1. 04LabNot a test of LL-37 aloneEx vivo tissueEfficacy outcome

    In human alveolar macrophages, MDP treatment improved intracellular growth control of virulent M. tuberculosis, associated with release of TNF-α and IL-6 and overexpression of LL37.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests on human lung macrophages, the NOD2 ligand MDP helped the cells control tuberculosis bacteria, alongside more LL37.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    DecreaseIntracellular growth control of virulent M. tuberculosis after MDP
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    human alveolar macrophages
    Outcome group
    Infection and antimicrobial activity · Infection

    Source sentences

    Summary
    MDP treatment of alveolar macrophages improved the intracellular growth control of virulent M. tuberculosis; this was associated with a significant release of TNF-α and IL-6 and overexpression of bactericidal LL37.

    In this study, LL-37 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking LL-37.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    9 Oct 2026, 18:17 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:57 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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