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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2010

4 results

Changes of antimicrobial peptides and transepidermal water loss after topical application of tacrolimus and ceramide-dominant emollient in patients with atopic dermatitis.

Park KY, Kim DH, Jeong MS, Li K, Seo SJ

Journal of Korean medical science22 Apr 2010Cited by 31 (Europe PMC)

PMID20436715 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC2858838 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.3346/jkms.2010.25.5.766 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-20436715
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: CC BY-NC. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured4

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01HumanEndogenous levelNon-randomized trialOther

    In 3 patients with atopic dermatitis, LL‑37 mRNA expression increased at both the tacrolimus site and the ceramide-dominant emollient site after 4 weeks.

    In plain wordsIn 3 people with atopic dermatitis, the skin's own LL‑37 messenger RNA rose on skin treated with tacrolimus and on skin treated with emollient.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseLL-37 mRNA expression after tacrolimus or emollient
    Study

    n = 3

    Outcome group
    Immune response · Skin and wound

    Source sentences

    Summary
    RT-PCR and western blotting revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of hBD-2 and LL-37 were increased on the both study sites.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A total of three patients with AD were treated with tacrolimus in one lesion and ceramide-dominant emollient in another lesion for 4 weeks.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02HumanEndogenous levelNon-randomized trialOther

    In 3 patients with atopic dermatitis, LL‑37 protein expression increased at both the tacrolimus site and the ceramide-dominant emollient site after 4 weeks.

    In plain wordsIn 3 people with atopic dermatitis, the skin's own LL‑37 protein rose on skin treated with tacrolimus and on skin treated with emollient.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseLL-37 protein expression after tacrolimus or emollient
    Study

    n = 3

    Outcome group
    Immune response · Skin and wound

    Source sentences

    Summary
    RT-PCR and western blotting revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of hBD-2 and LL-37 were increased on the both study sites.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A total of three patients with AD were treated with tacrolimus in one lesion and ceramide-dominant emollient in another lesion for 4 weeks.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03HumanEndogenous levelNon-randomized trialOther

    In 3 patients with atopic dermatitis, the mean changes of antimicrobial peptides, which included LL‑37, did not differ statistically between the tacrolimus site and the emollient site.

    In plain wordsIn 3 people with atopic dermatitis, the skin's own defence peptides, including LL‑37, changed by similar amounts with tacrolimus and with emollient.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    No significant changeChange in antimicrobial peptides, tacrolimus site versus emollient site
    Study

    n = 3

    Comparator
    Ceramide-dominant emollient site
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Skin and wound

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The mean changes of TEWL and AMPs showed no statistical difference between both sites.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A total of three patients with AD were treated with tacrolimus in one lesion and ceramide-dominant emollient in another lesion for 4 weeks.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  4. 04HumanEndogenous levelNon-randomized trialOther

    In 3 patients with atopic dermatitis, immunohistochemistry showed a significant increase of antimicrobial peptides (hBD-2 and LL‑37 were measured) at both the tacrolimus site and the ceramide-dominant emollient site after 4 weeks.

    In plain wordsIn 3 people with atopic dermatitis, the skin's own defence peptides, including LL‑37, rose on skin treated with tacrolimus and on skin treated with emollient.

    Peptide
    LL-37
    Outcome
    IncreaseAntimicrobial peptide immunostaining after tacrolimus or emollient
    Study

    n = 3

    Outcome group
    Immune response · Skin and wound

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Immunohistochemical analysis showed significant increase of AMPs and IL-1alpha, while, IL-4 was decreased on the both study sites.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    A total of three patients with AD were treated with tacrolimus in one lesion and ceramide-dominant emollient in another lesion for 4 weeks.

    This result measures the body's own LL-37. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    11 Oct 2026, 00:50 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:58 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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