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Study · In vitro (cells) · 2006

6 results

Differential signaling of T cell generation of IL-4 by wild-type and short-deletion variant of type 2 G protein-coupled receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VPAC2).

Huang MC, Miller AL, Wang W, Kong Y, Paul S, Goetzl EJ

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)1 Jun 2006Cited by 15 (Europe PMC)

PMID16709822 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC1551935 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.4049/jimmunol.176.11.6640 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-16709822
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

4 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    Exogenous VIP further increased IL-4 production by WT VPAC2 transfectants.

    In plain wordsIn cells with the full VPAC2 receptor, added VIP raised IL-4 production further.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    IncreaseIL-4 production by WT VPAC2 transfectants with exogenous VIP
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    VPAC2-low D10G4.1 Th2 cell transfectants
    Comparator
    Without exogenous VIP
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Exogenous VIP further increased IL-4 production by WT VPAC2 transfectants but decreased IL-4 production by SD VPAC2 transfectants.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    As Th2 cells are the principal source of immune VIP and have the greatest functional responses to VIP, the differences in signals transduced by WT and SD VPAC2 were studied in VPAC2-low D10G4.1 model Th2 cell transfectants individually expressing the respective types of VPAC2 equally.
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    Exogenous VIP decreased IL-4 production by SD VPAC2 transfectants.

    In plain wordsIn cells with the short-deletion VPAC2 receptor, added VIP lowered IL-4 production.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    DecreaseIL-4 production by SD VPAC2 transfectants with exogenous VIP
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    VPAC2-low D10G4.1 Th2 cell transfectants
    Comparator
    Without exogenous VIP
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    but decreased IL-4 production by SD VPAC2 transfectants.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    As Th2 cells are the principal source of immune VIP and have the greatest functional responses to VIP, the differences in signals transduced by WT and SD VPAC2 were studied in VPAC2-low D10G4.1 model Th2 cell transfectants individually expressing the respective types of VPAC2 equally.
  3. 03LabIn vitro (cells)Efficacy outcome

    Cotransfection of WT and SD VPAC2 diminished the VIP enhancement of IL-4 production seen with WT VPAC2 alone.

    In plain wordsIn cells carrying both receptor types, VIP raised IL-4 less than in cells with the full receptor alone.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    DecreaseVIP enhancement of IL-4 in cotransfected cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    VPAC2-low D10G4.1 Th2 cell transfectants
    Comparator
    WT VPAC2 alone
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Cotransfection of the two constructs diminished VIP enhancement of IL-4 production seen with WT VPAC2 alone by preventing increases in nuclear levels of the requisite transcription factors c-Maf and Jun B.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    As Th2 cells are the principal source of immune VIP and have the greatest functional responses to VIP, the differences in signals transduced by WT and SD VPAC2 were studied in VPAC2-low D10G4.1 model Th2 cell transfectants individually expressing the respective types of VPAC2 equally.
  4. 04LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In cotransfected cells, the VIP-induced increases in nuclear c-Maf and Jun B levels did not occur.

    In plain wordsIn cells carrying both receptor types, VIP did not raise the nuclear levels of two IL-4 gene regulators, c-Maf and Jun B.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    DecreaseNuclear c-Maf and Jun B levels in cotransfected cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    VPAC2-low D10G4.1 Th2 cell transfectants
    Comparator
    WT VPAC2 alone
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    by preventing increases in nuclear levels of the requisite transcription factors c-Maf and Jun B.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    As Th2 cells are the principal source of immune VIP and have the greatest functional responses to VIP, the differences in signals transduced by WT and SD VPAC2 were studied in VPAC2-low D10G4.1 model Th2 cell transfectants individually expressing the respective types of VPAC2 equally.

Natural levels measured1

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 05LabEndogenous levelIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    WT and SD VPAC2 Th2 cell transfectants secreted equal amounts of their own VIP.

    In plain wordsIn cells, both receptor types secreted the same amount of the cells' own VIP.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    No significant changeVIP secretion by WT and SD VPAC2 transfectants
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    VPAC2-low D10G4.1 Th2 cell transfectants
    Comparator
    SD VPAC2 transfectants
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    WT and SD VPAC2 Th2 cell transfectants secreted equal amounts of VIP.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    As Th2 cells are the principal source of immune VIP and have the greatest functional responses to VIP, the differences in signals transduced by WT and SD VPAC2 were studied in VPAC2-low D10G4.1 model Th2 cell transfectants individually expressing the respective types of VPAC2 equally.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).

  1. 06LabNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    WT VPAC2 transfectants generated more IL-4 than SD VPAC2 transfectants, and the difference depended on endogenous VIP.

    In plain wordsIn cells, the full receptor made more IL-4 than the short-deletion receptor, and this depended on the cells' own VIP.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    IncreaseIL-4 generation by WT versus SD VPAC2 transfectants
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    VPAC2-low D10G4.1 Th2 cell transfectants
    Comparator
    SD VPAC2 transfectants
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    WT VPAC2 transfectants generated more IL-4 than did SD VPAC2 transfectants, and this increment was dependent on endogenous VIP.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    As Th2 cells are the principal source of immune VIP and have the greatest functional responses to VIP, the differences in signals transduced by WT and SD VPAC2 were studied in VPAC2-low D10G4.1 model Th2 cell transfectants individually expressing the respective types of VPAC2 equally.

    In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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