Skip to content

Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 2004

3 results

Gender differences in the expression of galanin and vasoactive intestinal peptide in oestrogen-induced prolactinomas of Fischer 344 rats.

Piroli GG, Pietranera L, Grillo CA, De Nicola AF

Journal of neuroendocrinology1 Jan 2004Cited by 4 (Europe PMC)

PMID14962078 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/j.1365-2826.2004.01130.x (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-14962078
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
Jump to 3 results

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In DES-treated Fischer 344 rats, pituitaries from normal ovariectomized females had more VIP-positive cells than those of neonatally androgenized females and gonadectomized males.

    In plain wordsIn rats given an oestrogen drug, the body's own VIP-positive pituitary cells were more numerous in normal females than in androgenized females and males.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    IncreaseVIP-positive cells in the anterior pituitary of DES-treated rats
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Diethylstilbestrol-induced anterior pituitary tumours in Fischer 344 rats
    Comparator
    Neonatally androgenized ovariectomized females and gonadectomized males
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, in DES-treated rats, pituitaries from normal ovariectomized females showed higher number of galanin and VIP positive cells than pituitaries from neonatally androgenized ovariectomized females and gonadectomized males.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    To further extend our previous findings, we investigated the expression of galanin and VIP in the anterior pituitary of control and oestrogenized male, female and neonatally androgenized female Fischer 344 rats.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In control Fischer 344 rats, VIP immunoreactive cells were absent from the anterior pituitary.

    In plain wordsIn untreated control rats, the body's own VIP-positive cells were absent from the pituitary.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableVIP-immunoreactive cells in the anterior pituitary of control rats
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Diethylstilbestrol-induced anterior pituitary tumours in Fischer 344 rats
    Comparator
    DES-treated rats
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In the anterior pituitary of control rats, galanin and VIP immunoreactive cells were absent.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    To further extend our previous findings, we investigated the expression of galanin and VIP in the anterior pituitary of control and oestrogenized male, female and neonatally androgenized female Fischer 344 rats.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In DES-treated Fischer 344 rats, the pattern of VIP and galanin positive cells correlated with changes in anterior pituitary weight and serum prolactin.

    In plain wordsIn rats given an oestrogen drug, the pattern of the body's own VIP-positive cells was linked to pituitary weight and blood prolactin.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableCorrelation of VIP and galanin pattern with pituitary weight and serum prolactin
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Diethylstilbestrol-induced anterior pituitary tumours in Fischer 344 rats
    Outcome group
    Sex hormones and fertility · Endocrine and hormones

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, in DES-treated rats, pituitaries from normal ovariectomized females showed higher number of galanin and VIP positive cells than pituitaries from neonatally androgenized ovariectomized females and gonadectomized males. This pattern correlated with changes in anterior pituitary weight and serum prolactin.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    To further extend our previous findings, we investigated the expression of galanin and VIP in the anterior pituitary of control and oestrogenized male, female and neonatally androgenized female Fischer 344 rats.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

PepBank is a research reference. Talk to a doctor before you use any peptide.