Effects of chronic AICAR administration on the metabolic and contractile phenotypes of rat slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscles.

Bamford JA, Lopaschuk GD, MacLean IM, Reinhart ML, Dixon WT, Putman CT

Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology1 Nov 2003Cited by 20 (Europe PMC)

PMID14719043DOI10.1139/y03-110PepBankPUB-14719043

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

8 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, AICAR increased hexokinase-II activity in fast-twitch muscles but not soleus versus vehicle.
In plain wordsIn rats, AICAR increased hexokinase-II activity in fast-twitch muscles, but not soleus, compared with vehicle.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
MixedHexokinase-II activity
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Sprague-Dawley skeletal muscles
Comparator
Vehicle
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
The AICAR group displayed increases in hexokinase-II (HXK-II) activity, expression, and phosphorylation in fast-twitch muscles (P<0.001) but not in the slow-twitch soleus (SOL).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Sprague-Dawley rats received daily injections for 4 weeks of the known AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) or vehicle (control).
Report a problemFND-1471904301
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, AICAR increased hexokinase-II expression in fast-twitch muscles but not soleus versus vehicle.
In plain wordsIn rats, AICAR increased hexokinase-II expression in fast-twitch muscles, but not soleus, compared with vehicle.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
MixedHexokinase-II expression
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Sprague-Dawley skeletal muscles
Comparator
Vehicle
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
The AICAR group displayed increases in hexokinase-II (HXK-II) activity, expression, and phosphorylation in fast-twitch muscles (P<0.001) but not in the slow-twitch soleus (SOL).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Sprague-Dawley rats received daily injections for 4 weeks of the known AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) or vehicle (control).
Report a problemFND-1471904302
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, AICAR increased hexokinase-II phosphorylation in fast-twitch muscles but not soleus versus vehicle.
In plain wordsIn rats, AICAR increased hexokinase-II phosphorylation in fast-twitch muscles, but not soleus, compared with vehicle.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
MixedHexokinase-II phosphorylation
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Sprague-Dawley skeletal muscles
Comparator
Vehicle
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
The AICAR group displayed increases in hexokinase-II (HXK-II) activity, expression, and phosphorylation in fast-twitch muscles (P<0.001) but not in the slow-twitch soleus (SOL).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Sprague-Dawley rats received daily injections for 4 weeks of the known AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) or vehicle (control).
Report a problemFND-1471904303
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, AICAR increased citrate synthase in gastrocnemius and plantaris, with no change in soleus, versus vehicle.
In plain wordsIn rats, AICAR increased citrate synthase in gastrocnemius and plantaris, but not soleus, compared with vehicle.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
MixedCitrate synthase
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Sprague-Dawley skeletal muscles
Comparator
Vehicle
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Measurements
Citrate synthase
1.6 fold
MG
Citrate synthase
1.2 fold
PLANT
Source sentences
Summary
In the AICAR group, citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7) and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35) were elevated 1.6- and 2.1-fold (P<0.05), respectively, in fast-twitch medial gastrocnemius (MG), and by 1.2- and 1.4-fold (P<0.05) in the slower-twitch plantaris (PLANT).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
No changes were observed in the slow-twitch SOL.
Summary · context
Sprague-Dawley rats received daily injections for 4 weeks of the known AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) or vehicle (control).
Report a problemFND-1471904304
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, AICAR increased 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase in gastrocnemius and plantaris, with no change in soleus, versus vehicle.
In plain wordsIn rats, AICAR increased this oxidative enzyme in gastrocnemius and plantaris, but not soleus, compared with vehicle.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
Mixed3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Sprague-Dawley skeletal muscles
Comparator
Vehicle
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Measurements
3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase
2.1 fold
MG
3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase
1.4 fold
PLANT
Source sentences
Summary
In the AICAR group, citrate synthase (EC 4.1.3.7) and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.35) were elevated 1.6- and 2.1-fold (P<0.05), respectively, in fast-twitch medial gastrocnemius (MG), and by 1.2- and 1.4-fold (P<0.05) in the slower-twitch plantaris (PLANT).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
No changes were observed in the slow-twitch SOL.
Summary · context
Sprague-Dawley rats received daily injections for 4 weeks of the known AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) or vehicle (control).
Report a problemFND-1471904305
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, AICAR did not change glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase activity in any muscle versus vehicle.
In plain wordsIn rats, AICAR did not change this enzyme's activity in any muscle compared with vehicle.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
No significant changeGlyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase activity
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Sprague-Dawley skeletal muscles
Comparator
Vehicle
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
In contrast, the activity of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.12) remained unchanged in all muscles.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Sprague-Dawley rats received daily injections for 4 weeks of the known AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) or vehicle (control).
Report a problemFND-1471904306
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, AICAR did not alter MHC-based fiber composition in fast- or slow-twitch muscles versus vehicle.
In plain wordsIn rats, AICAR did not change muscle fiber composition compared with vehicle.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
No significant changeMHC-based fiber composition
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Sprague-Dawley skeletal muscles
Comparator
Vehicle
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AICAR treatment did not alter the MHC-based fibre type composition in fast- or slow-twitch muscles, as determined by immunohistochemical and electrophoretic analytical methods or by RT-PCR.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Sprague-Dawley rats received daily injections for 4 weeks of the known AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) or vehicle (control).
Report a problemFND-1471904307
08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rat muscles, AICAR did not alter MHC mRNA expression versus vehicle.
In plain wordsIn rats, AICAR did not change MHC gene expression compared with vehicle.
Peptide
AICAR (acadesine)
Outcome
No significant changeMHC mRNA expression
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Sprague-Dawley skeletal muscles
Comparator
Vehicle
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · 4 weeksAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AICAR treatment did not alter the MHC-based fibre type composition in fast- or slow-twitch muscles, as determined by immunohistochemical and electrophoretic analytical methods or by RT-PCR.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We conclude that chronic activation of AMPK mimics the metabolic changes associated with chronic exercise training (increased oxidative capacity) in the fast-twitch MG and PLANT, but does not coordinately alter MHC isoform content or mRNA expression.
Summary · context
Sprague-Dawley rats received daily injections for 4 weeks of the known AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR) or vehicle (control).
Report a problemFND-1471904308

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

Publication types

MeSH terms

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