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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2003

5 results

Melanocortin receptor signaling through mitogen-activated protein kinase in vitro and in rat hypothalamus.

Daniels D, Patten CS, Roth JD, Yee DK, Fluharty SJ

Brain research1 Oct 2003Cited by 78 (Europe PMC)

PMID12965224 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/s0006-8993(03)03162-7 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-12965224
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study5

5 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, central MTII injection increased the number of phospho-MAPK-immunoreactive cells in the paraventricular nucleus compared with vehicle.

    In plain wordsIn rats, MTII injected into the brain increased the number of cells with active MAPK in the PVN compared with vehicle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreasePhospho-MAPK-immunoreactive cells in the PVN
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · central injectionAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Second, central injections of MTII increased the number of phospho-MAPK-immunoreactive cells in the rat PVN compared to vehicle-injected animals.
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In COS-1 cells transfected with the melanocortin type 4 receptor, MTII increased phosphorylated MAPK.

    In plain wordsIn cells carrying the MC4 receptor, MTII increased the activated form of MAPK.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreasePhosphorylated MAPK in MC4-R-transfected cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    COS-1 cells transfected with MC4-R
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    application of the melanocortin agonist MTII to COS-1 cells resulted in an increase in phosphorylated MAPK after the cells were transfected with the melanocortin type 4 receptor (MC4-R)
  3. 03LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In COS-1 cells transfected with the melanocortin type 3 receptor, MTII did not increase phosphorylated MAPK.

    In plain wordsIn cells carrying the MC3 receptor, MTII did not increase the activated form of MAPK.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    No significant changePhosphorylated MAPK in MC3-R-transfected cells
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    COS-1 cells transfected with MC3-R
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    First, application of the melanocortin agonist MTII to COS-1 cells resulted in an increase in phosphorylated MAPK after the cells were transfected with the melanocortin type 4 receptor (MC4-R), but not the type 3 receptor.
  4. 04LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In COS-1 cells, MTII led to cAMP formation when either the MC3 or the MC4 receptor subtype was transfected.

    In plain wordsIn cells carrying either the MC3 or the MC4 receptor, MTII caused cAMP formation.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreasecAMP formation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    COS-1 cells transfected with MC3-R or MC4-R
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Formation of cAMP, however, was observed when either receptor subtype was transfected.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    First, application of the melanocortin agonist MTII to COS-1 cells resulted in an increase in phosphorylated MAPK after the cells were transfected with the melanocortin type 4 receptor (MC4-R), but not the type 3 receptor.
  5. 05LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In MC4-R-transfected cells, MTII activated MAPK in a dose-dependent manner, with a maximum after 10 min of exposure.

    In plain wordsIn cells carrying the MC4 receptor, MTII activated MAPK more at higher doses, with the peak after 10 minutes.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseDose and time course of MAPK activation by MTII
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    COS-1 cells transfected with MC4-R
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Pharmacology
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Measurements

    Time of maximal MAPK activation
    10 min
    MC4-R-transfected cells

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Subsequent experiments revealed that the effect of MTII on MAPK activation in MC4-R-transfected cells was dose-dependent and was maximal after 10 min of MTII exposure.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 09:43 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:53 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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