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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2003

4 results

Brainstem melanocortin 3/4 receptor stimulation increases uncoupling protein gene expression in brown fat.

Williams DL, Bowers RR, Bartness TJ, Kaplan JM, Grill HJ

Endocrinology31 Jul 2003Cited by 90 (Europe PMC)

PMID12960080 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1210/en.2003-0440 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-12960080
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study4

3 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, fourth-ventricle MTII increased UCP-1 mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue compared with vehicle.

    In plain wordsIn rats, MTII injected into the hindbrain raised UCP-1 gene activity in brown fat compared with vehicle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseUCP-1 mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle-treated group
    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · fourth intracerebroventricular · three injections, 12 h apartAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    First, we compared the effects of fourth and third i.c.v. administration of MTII and found that the hindbrain and forebrain treatments were equally effective at elevating UCP-1 mRNA expression in BAT compared with the respective vehicle-treated group results.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three experiments investigated whether hindbrain MC-R contribute to the energy expenditure effects of central MC3/4-R agonist treatments; in each, we examined the effect of fourth intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of a MC3/4-R agonist, MTII (three injections, each separated by 12 h), o…
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, third-ventricle MTII increased UCP-1 mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue compared with vehicle, as effectively as fourth-ventricle MTII.

    In plain wordsIn rats, MTII injected into the forebrain raised UCP-1 gene activity in brown fat compared with vehicle.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseUCP-1 mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Comparator
    Vehicle-treated group
    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · third intracerebroventricular · three injections, 12 h apartAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    First, we compared the effects of fourth and third i.c.v. administration of MTII and found that the hindbrain and forebrain treatments were equally effective at elevating UCP-1 mRNA expression in BAT compared with the respective vehicle-treated group results.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three experiments investigated whether hindbrain MC-R contribute to the energy expenditure effects of central MC3/4-R agonist treatments; in each, we examined the effect of fourth intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of a MC3/4-R agonist, MTII (three injections, each separated by 12 h), o…
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In chronic decerebrate rats, fourth-ventricle MTII raised UCP-1 mRNA expression, as in neurologically intact controls.

    In plain wordsIn rats with the forebrain disconnected, MTII injected into the hindbrain still raised UCP-1 gene activity in brown fat.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    IncreaseUCP-1 mRNA expression in chronic decerebrate rats
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Metabolic and weight
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · fourth intracerebroventricular · three injections, 12 h apartAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In the third experiment, we showed that chronic decerebrate rats, like their neurologically intact controls, elevated UCP-1 mRNA expression in response to fourth i.c.v. MTII administration.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three experiments investigated whether hindbrain MC-R contribute to the energy expenditure effects of central MC3/4-R agonist treatments; in each, we examined the effect of fourth intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of a MC3/4-R agonist, MTII (three injections, each separated by 12 h), o…

Studies that did not test the peptide alone1

In this study, Melanotan II was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Melanotan II.

  1. 04AnimalNot a test of Melanotan II aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, surgical denervation of brown adipose tissue abolished the rise in UCP-1 expression induced by fourth-ventricle MTII.

    In plain wordsIn rats, cutting the nerves to brown fat stopped the UCP-1 rise that MTII caused.

    Peptide
    Melanotan II
    Outcome
    DecreaseMTII-induced UCP-1 rise after BAT denervation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Mitochondrial function · Metabolic and weight

    Source sentences

    Summary
    A second experiment demonstrated that the fourth i.c.v. MTII-induced rise in UCP-1 expression was mediated by sympathetic outflow to BAT by showing that this response was abolished by surgical denervation of BAT.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Three experiments investigated whether hindbrain MC-R contribute to the energy expenditure effects of central MC3/4-R agonist treatments; in each, we examined the effect of fourth intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of a MC3/4-R agonist, MTII (three injections, each separated by 12 h), o…

    In this study, Melanotan II was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Melanotan II.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    10 Oct 2026, 09:43 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:04 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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