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Study · Not a test of the peptide alone · 2004

7 results

Thymulin evokes IL-6-C/EBPbeta regenerative repair and TNF-alpha silencing during endotoxin exposure in fetal lung explants.

Land SC, Darakhshan F

American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology14 Mar 2003Cited by 18 (Europe PMC)

PMID12639846 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1152/ajplung.00401.2002 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-12639846
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone7

In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  1. 01LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneEx vivo tissueMechanism

    In fetal rat lung explants, LPS with thymulin and zinc induced C/EBPbeta-immunoreactive mesenchyme proliferation, abolished by IL-6 antisense oligonucleotides.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, LPS with thymulin and zinc induced C/EBPbeta-positive mesenchyme proliferation, which IL-6 antisense oligonucleotides abolished.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseC/EBPbeta-immunoreactive mesenchyme proliferation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    fetal lung explants
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LPS+thymulin+Zn(2+)-treated explants showed proliferation of CCAAT-enhancer binding protein-beta (C/EBPbeta) and fibroblast growth factor-9 immunoreactive mesenchyme, which was abolished by IL-6 antisense oligonucleotides.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Gestation day 14 fetal rat lung explants were cultured for 96 h at fetal (23 mmHg) or ambient (142 mmHg) Po(2).

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  2. 02LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneEx vivo tissueMechanism

    In fetal rat lung explants, LPS with thymulin and zinc induced FGF-9-immunoreactive mesenchyme proliferation, abolished by IL-6 antisense oligonucleotides.

    In plain wordsIn lab tests, LPS with thymulin and zinc induced FGF-9-positive mesenchyme proliferation, which IL-6 antisense oligonucleotides abolished.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseFGF-9-immunoreactive mesenchyme proliferation
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    fetal lung explants
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory

    Source sentences

    Summary
    LPS+thymulin+Zn(2+)-treated explants showed proliferation of CCAAT-enhancer binding protein-beta (C/EBPbeta) and fibroblast growth factor-9 immunoreactive mesenchyme, which was abolished by IL-6 antisense oligonucleotides.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Gestation day 14 fetal rat lung explants were cultured for 96 h at fetal (23 mmHg) or ambient (142 mmHg) Po(2).

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  3. 03LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In A549 cells, thymulin with zinc suppressed LPS-evoked TNF-alpha release.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymulin with zinc suppressed LPS-evoked TNF-alpha release.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseLPS-evoked TNF-alpha release
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    A549 cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory

    Measurements

    IC50
    0.5 ng/ml
    TNF-alpha release in A549 cells

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymulin+Zn(2+) suppressed and potentiated LPS-evoked TNF-alpha and IL-6 release, yielding an IC(50(TNF-alpha)) of 0.5 +/- 0.01 ng/ml and EC(50(IL-6)) of 1.4 +/- 0.3 ng/ml in A549 cells.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  4. 04LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In A549 cells, thymulin with zinc potentiated LPS-evoked IL-6 release.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymulin with zinc increased LPS-evoked IL-6 release.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLPS-evoked IL-6 release
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    A549 cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory

    Measurements

    EC50
    1.4 ng/ml
    IL-6 release in A549 cells

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Thymulin+Zn(2+) suppressed and potentiated LPS-evoked TNF-alpha and IL-6 release, yielding an IC(50(TNF-alpha)) of 0.5 +/- 0.01 ng/ml and EC(50(IL-6)) of 1.4 +/- 0.3 ng/ml in A549 cells.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  5. 05LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In the cell experiments, thymulin with zinc activated the p38 MAPKMAPKAP-K2 pathway during LPS exposure.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymulin with zinc activated the p38 MAPKMAPKAP-K2 pathway during LPS exposure.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    Increasep38 MAPKMAPKAP-K2 pathway activation
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    A549 cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory

    Source sentences

    Summary
    This was accompanied by activation of the p38 MAPKMAPKAP-K2 pathway with sustained expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 transcripts at ambient Po(2).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Thymulin+Zn(2+) suppressed and potentiated LPS-evoked TNF-alpha and IL-6 release, yielding an IC(50(TNF-alpha)) of 0.5 +/- 0.01 ng/ml and EC(50(IL-6)) of 1.4 +/- 0.3 ng/ml in A549 cells.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  6. 06LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In the cell experiments, thymulin with zinc accompanied sustained TNF-alpha transcript expression at ambient oxygen during LPS exposure.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymulin with zinc accompanied sustained TNF-alpha transcript expression during LPS exposure.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    Not applicableTNF-alpha transcript expression
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    A549 cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory

    Source sentences

    Summary
    This was accompanied by activation of the p38 MAPKMAPKAP-K2 pathway with sustained expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 transcripts at ambient Po(2).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Thymulin+Zn(2+) suppressed and potentiated LPS-evoked TNF-alpha and IL-6 release, yielding an IC(50(TNF-alpha)) of 0.5 +/- 0.01 ng/ml and EC(50(IL-6)) of 1.4 +/- 0.3 ng/ml in A549 cells.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  7. 07LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In the cell experiments, thymulin with zinc accompanied sustained IL-6 transcript expression at ambient oxygen during LPS exposure.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymulin with zinc accompanied sustained IL-6 transcript expression during LPS exposure.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    Not applicableIL-6 transcript expression
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    A549 cells
    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Respiratory

    Source sentences

    Summary
    This was accompanied by activation of the p38 MAPKMAPKAP-K2 pathway with sustained expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 transcripts at ambient Po(2).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Thymulin+Zn(2+) suppressed and potentiated LPS-evoked TNF-alpha and IL-6 release, yielding an IC(50(TNF-alpha)) of 0.5 +/- 0.01 ng/ml and EC(50(IL-6)) of 1.4 +/- 0.3 ng/ml in A549 cells.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    21 Oct 2026, 13:55 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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