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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · rat · 2000

9 results

The role of cytokines and prostaglandin-E(2) in thymulin induced hyperalgesia.

Safieh-Garabedian B, Dardenne M, Kanaan SA, Atweh SF, Jabbur SJ, Saadé NE

Neuropharmacology1 Jul 2000Cited by 17 (Europe PMC)

PMID10854910 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/s0028-3908(99)00247-6 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-10854910
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study9

4 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, thymulin increased liver TNF-alpha levels.

    In plain wordsIn rats, thymulin increased liver TNF-alpha levels.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLiver TNF-alpha
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In this study, we demonstrate that such injections of thymulin result in a significant elevation in the levels of TNF-alpha (P<0.01), NGF (P<0.01) and PGE(2) (P<0.01) in the liver of the treated rats, in addition to the increase in the levels of IL-1beta.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, thymulin increased liver NGF levels.

    In plain wordsIn rats, thymulin increased liver NGF levels.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLiver NGF
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In this study, we demonstrate that such injections of thymulin result in a significant elevation in the levels of TNF-alpha (P<0.01), NGF (P<0.01) and PGE(2) (P<0.01) in the liver of the treated rats, in addition to the increase in the levels of IL-1beta.
  3. 03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, thymulin increased liver PGE(2) levels.

    In plain wordsIn rats, thymulin increased liver PGE(2) levels.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLiver PGE(2)
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In this study, we demonstrate that such injections of thymulin result in a significant elevation in the levels of TNF-alpha (P<0.01), NGF (P<0.01) and PGE(2) (P<0.01) in the liver of the treated rats, in addition to the increase in the levels of IL-1beta.
  4. 04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, thymulin increased liver IL-1beta levels.

    In plain wordsIn rats, thymulin increased liver IL-1beta levels.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    IncreaseLiver IL-1beta
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · intraperitonealAs given in this study (rat).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In this study, we demonstrate that such injections of thymulin result in a significant elevation in the levels of TNF-alpha (P<0.01), NGF (P<0.01) and PGE(2) (P<0.01) in the liver of the treated rats, in addition to the increase in the levels of IL-1beta.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone5

In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  1. 05AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, individual TNF-alpha, NGF, or IL-1 antagonists did not abolish thymulin-induced hyperalgesia.

    In plain wordsIn rats, individual antagonists did not abolish thymulin-induced pain sensitivity.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    Direction not reportedHyperalgesia with individual antagonists
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Pain · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Pretreatment with specific antagonists to each of these factors (polyclonal anti-TNF-alpha, anti-NGF antiserum and IL-1 receptor antagonist) did not result in the abolition of the hyperalgesia as assessed by the paw pressure, hot plate, paw immersion and tail flick tests.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  2. 06AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, combined antagonists almost completely prevented thymulin-induced hyperalgesia.

    In plain wordsIn rats, combined antagonists almost completely prevented thymulin-induced pain sensitivity.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHyperalgesia with combined antagonists
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Pain · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, pretreatment with a combination of the above antagonist and antisera almost completely prevented thymulin-induced hyperalgesia.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Pretreatment with specific antagonists to each of these factors (polyclonal anti-TNF-alpha, anti-NGF antiserum and IL-1 receptor antagonist) did not result in the abolition of the hyperalgesia as assessed by the paw pressure, hot plate, paw immersion and tail flick tests.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  3. 07AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, meloxicam reversed thymulin-induced pain responses in a dose-dependent manner.

    In plain wordsIn rats, meloxicam reversed thymulin-induced pain responses depending on dose.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseHyperalgesia with meloxicam
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Pain · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The cyclooxygenase inhibitor, meloxicam, reversed in a dose dependent manner (0.2, 0.4 and 2 mg/kg) thymulin effects as assessed by the different pain tests.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  4. 08AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, meloxicam abolished the thymulin-induced increase in liver cytokines.

    In plain wordsIn rats, meloxicam prevented the thymulin-induced increase in liver cytokines.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseLiver cytokines with meloxicam
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It also abolished the thymulin-induced increase in the level of cytokines and NGF in the liver.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The cyclooxygenase inhibitor, meloxicam, reversed in a dose dependent manner (0.2, 0.4 and 2 mg/kg) thymulin effects as assessed by the different pain tests.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

  5. 09AnimalNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In rats, meloxicam abolished the thymulin-induced increase in liver NGF.

    In plain wordsIn rats, meloxicam prevented the thymulin-induced increase in liver NGF.

    Peptide
    Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
    Outcome
    DecreaseLiver NGF with meloxicam
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    thymulin-induced hyperalgesia
    Outcome group
    Inflammation markers · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    It also abolished the thymulin-induced increase in the level of cytokines and NGF in the liver.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The cyclooxygenase inhibitor, meloxicam, reversed in a dose dependent manner (0.2, 0.4 and 2 mg/kg) thymulin effects as assessed by the different pain tests.

    In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    21 Oct 2026, 13:55 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

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