A double blind, placebo controlled study of intracavernosal vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and phenotolamine mesylate in a novel auto-injector for the treatment of non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction.

Sandhu D, Curless E, Dean J, Hackett G, Liu S, Savage D, Oakes R, Frentz G

International journal of impotence research1 Apr 1999Cited by 27 (Europe PMC)

PMID10356669DOI10.1038/sj.ijir.3900388PepBankPUB-10356669

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study13

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone13

In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).

01HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In men with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction, 75.1% responded to VIP with phentolamine 1.0 mg versus 12% to placebo.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction, 75.1% responded to VIP with a lower phentolamine dose, compared with 12% who responded to placebo.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseErection response, VIP/P-1 versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
75.1%
VIP/P-1
Response rate
12%
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
75.1% responded to VIP/P-1, 12% to placebo
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
One hundred and ninety-five patients were subsequently treated in a placebo controlled phase.
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666903
02HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In men with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction, 66.5% responded to VIP with phentolamine 2.0 mg versus 10.3% to placebo.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction, 66.5% responded to VIP with a higher phentolamine dose, compared with 10.3% who responded to placebo.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseErection response, VIP/P-2 versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
66.5%
VIP/P-2
Response rate
10.3%
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
66.5% responded to VIP/P-2, 10.3% to placebo (P < 0.001), with the median duration of erection of 54 min.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
One hundred and ninety-five patients were subsequently treated in a placebo controlled phase.
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666904
03HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
Transient facial flushing was the principal adverse event, occurring with 33.9% of 2770 injections of VIP with phentolamine.
In plain wordsBrief facial flushing was the main side effect. It came with 33.9% of the injections of VIP with phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableTransient facial flushing
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Measurements
Facial flushing
33.9 % of injections
VIP/phentolamine
Injections
2770 injections
Source sentences
Summary
The principal adverse event was transient facial flushing in 2770 injections (33.9%).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666906
04HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
Patients had no pain after injection of VIP with phentolamine.
In plain wordsMen reported no pain after the injection of VIP with phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
No significant changePain after injection
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
There was no pain post injection
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666907
05HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
Two episodes of priapism (0.05%) occurred with VIP and phentolamine injections.
In plain wordsTwo episodes of a prolonged erection (priapism) occurred with VIP and phentolamine injections.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicablePriapism episodes
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Priapism episodes
2 episodes
Priapism rate
0.05%
Source sentences
Summary
two episodes of priapism (0.05%)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666908
06HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
Nine patients withdrew because of adverse events with VIP and phentolamine.
In plain wordsNine men left the study because of side effects of VIP with phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableWithdrawals because of adverse events
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
Only nine patients withdrew because of adverse events.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666909
07HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction, intracavernosal VIP with phentolamine gave a response rate of 83.9% in the dose-assessment phase.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction, an injection of VIP with phentolamine produced a response in 83.9% during the dose-assessment phase.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableResponse rate in dose-assessment phase
Study
n = 304
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
83.9%
dose-assessment phase
Source sentences
Summary
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666901
08HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In a subgroup of 183 men who had withdrawn from previous erectile dysfunction therapies, 82% responded to VIP with phentolamine with an erection suitable for intercourse.
In plain wordsIn men who had stopped earlier treatments, VIP with phentolamine gave an erection suitable for intercourse in 82%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableErection response in men who withdrew from previous ED therapies
Study
n = 183
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
82%
subgroup withdrawn from previous ED therapies
Source sentences
Summary
In a sub-group of 183 patients who withdrew from one or more previous ED therapies, 82% responded with an erection suitable for intercourse.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666902
09HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction, the median duration of erection after VIP with phentolamine was 54 min.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction, the erection after VIP with phentolamine lasted a median of 54 minutes.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableMedian duration of erection
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Median erection duration
54 min
VIP/phentolamine
Source sentences
Summary
with the median duration of erection of 54 min.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666905
10HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
Over 85% of patients were satisfied with VIP with phentolamine.
In plain wordsMore than 85% of men were satisfied with the VIP and phentolamine treatment.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicablePatient satisfaction with the drug
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Patient-reported outcomes · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Satisfaction with drug
> 85%
Source sentences
Summary
Over 85% and 95% of patients were satisfied with the drug and auto-injector, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666910
11HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
Over 95% of patients were satisfied with the auto-injector used for VIP with phentolamine.
In plain wordsMore than 95% of men were satisfied with the injection device used for VIP and phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicablePatient satisfaction with the auto-injector
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Patient-reported outcomes · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Satisfaction with auto-injector
> 95%
Source sentences
Summary
Over 85% and 95% of patients were satisfied with the drug and auto-injector, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666911
12HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
Over 81% of patients reported an improved quality of life with VIP and phentolamine.
In plain wordsMore than 81% of men reported a better quality of life with VIP and phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableImproved quality of life reported by patients
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Patient-reported outcomes · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Patients reporting improved quality of life
> 81%
Source sentences
Summary
Over 81% of patients and 76% of partners reported an improved quality of life.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666912
13HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
76% of partners reported an improved quality of life with VIP and phentolamine.
In plain words76% of partners reported a better quality of life with VIP and phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableImproved quality of life reported by partners
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Patient-reported outcomes · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Partners reporting improved quality of life
76%
Source sentences
Summary
Over 81% of patients and 76% of partners reported an improved quality of life.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Three hundred and four patients with non-psychogenic erectile dysfunction (ED) completed a dose assessment phase with intracavernosal injection utilizing 25 micrograms vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) combined with phentolamine mesylate 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in an auto-injector…
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1035666913

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
9 Oct 2026, 19:08 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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