Treating men with predominantly nonpsychogenic erectile dysfunction with intracavernosal vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and phentolamine mesylate in a novel auto-injector system: a multicentre double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Dinsmore WW, Gingell C, Hackett G, Kell P, Savage D, Oakes R, Frentz GD

BJU international1 Feb 1999Cited by 25 (Europe PMC)

PMID10233493DOI10.1046/j.1464-410x.1999.00935.xPepBankPUB-10233493

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study18

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone18

In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).

01HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In men with nonpsychogenic erectile dysfunction, 75% responded to VIP with phentolamine 1.0 mg versus 12% to placebo.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction, 75% responded to VIP with a lower phentolamine dose, compared with 12% who responded to placebo.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseErection response, VIP/P-1 versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
75%
VIP/P-1
Response rate
12%
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
75% responded to VIP/P-1 and 12% to placebo
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In a placebo-controlled phase, 171 patients were subsequently treated and self-administered up to 12 injections over a 6-month interval.
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349308
02HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialEfficacy outcome
In men with nonpsychogenic erectile dysfunction, 66% responded to VIP with phentolamine 2.0 mg versus 18% to placebo.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction, 66% responded to VIP with a higher phentolamine dose, compared with 18% who responded to placebo.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseErection response, VIP/P-2 versus placebo
Study
n: not reported in source
Comparator
Placebo
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
66%
VIP/P-2
Response rate
18%
placebo
Source sentences
Summary
66% responded to VIP/P-2 and 18% to placebo (P<0.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In a placebo-controlled phase, 171 patients were subsequently treated and self-administered up to 12 injections over a 6-month interval.
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349309
03HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
Transient facial flushing was the principal adverse event, accompanying 40% of 1711 injections of VIP with phentolamine.
In plain wordsBrief facial flushing was the main side effect. It came with 40% of the injections of VIP with phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableTransient facial flushing
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Measurements
Facial flushing
40 % of injections
VIP/phentolamine
Injections
1711 injections
Source sentences
Summary
The principal adverse event was transient facial flushing accompanying 40% of 1711 injections.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349311
04HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
Patients had no pain after injection of VIP with phentolamine.
In plain wordsMen reported no pain after the injection of VIP with phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
No significant changePain after injection
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
There was no pain after injection
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349312
05HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
One episode of priapism (0.06%) occurred with VIP and phentolamine injections.
In plain wordsOne episode of a prolonged erection (priapism) occurred with VIP and phentolamine injections.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicablePriapism episodes
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Priapism episodes
1 episode
Priapism rate
0.06%
Source sentences
Summary
one episode of priapism (0.06%)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349313
06HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneRandomized controlled trialSafety outcome
Seven patients withdrew because of adverse events with VIP and phentolamine.
In plain wordsSeven men left the study because of side effects of VIP with phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableWithdrawals because of adverse events
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Adverse events · Whole body
Source sentences
Summary
only seven patients withdrew because of adverse events
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349314
07HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with nonpsychogenic erectile dysfunction, intracavernosal VIP with phentolamine gave an overall response rate of 82% in the dose-assessment phase.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction, an injection of VIP with phentolamine produced a response in 82% of men in the dose-assessment phase.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableErection response rate in dose-assessment phase
Study
n = 236
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
82%
dose-assessment phase
Source sentences
Summary
In the dose-assessment phase there was an overall response rate of 82%, with responses by aetiology as follows: arteriogenic (82%), DM (85%), neurogenic (86%), mixed (80%), and venous leakage (77%).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
In an initial dose-assessment phase, the men were given IC injections of 25 micrograms VIP combined with PM 1.0 mg (VIP/P-1) or 2.0 mg (VIP/P-2) in a prefilled, single-use auto-injector.
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349301
08HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In a subgroup of 159 men who had withdrawn from previous intracorporeal therapies, 64% responded to VIP with phentolamine with an erection suitable for intercourse.
In plain wordsIn men who had stopped earlier injection treatments, VIP with phentolamine gave an erection suitable for intercourse in 64%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableErection response in men who withdrew from previous intracorporeal therapies
Study
n = 159
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
64%
subgroup withdrawn from previous IC therapies
Source sentences
Summary
In a subgroup of 159 patients who withdrew from previous IC therapies for ED, 64% responded with an erection suitable for intercourse.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349307
09HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with mixed-aetiology erectile dysfunction, the response rate to intracavernosal VIP with phentolamine in the dose-assessment phase was 80%.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction from mixed causes, VIP with phentolamine produced a response in 80%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableResponse rate in mixed-aetiology erectile dysfunction
Study
n = 90
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
80%
mixed
Source sentences
Summary
In the dose-assessment phase there was an overall response rate of 82%, with responses by aetiology as follows: arteriogenic (82%), DM (85%), neurogenic (86%), mixed (80%), and venous leakage (77%).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The main aetiologies of ED were arteriogenic (38), diabetes mellitus (DM) (39), neurogenic (35), mixed (90), and venous leakage (30).
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349305
10HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with diabetes-related erectile dysfunction, the response rate to intracavernosal VIP with phentolamine in the dose-assessment phase was 85%.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction and diabetes, VIP with phentolamine produced a response in 85%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableResponse rate in erectile dysfunction with diabetes mellitus
Study
n = 39
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
85%
diabetes mellitus
Source sentences
Summary
In the dose-assessment phase there was an overall response rate of 82%, with responses by aetiology as follows: arteriogenic (82%), DM (85%), neurogenic (86%), mixed (80%), and venous leakage (77%).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The main aetiologies of ED were arteriogenic (38), diabetes mellitus (DM) (39), neurogenic (35), mixed (90), and venous leakage (30).
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349303
11HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with arteriogenic erectile dysfunction, the response rate to intracavernosal VIP with phentolamine in the dose-assessment phase was 82%.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction from artery problems, VIP with phentolamine produced a response in 82%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableResponse rate in arteriogenic erectile dysfunction
Study
n = 38
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
82%
arteriogenic
Source sentences
Summary
In the dose-assessment phase there was an overall response rate of 82%, with responses by aetiology as follows: arteriogenic (82%), DM (85%), neurogenic (86%), mixed (80%), and venous leakage (77%).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The main aetiologies of ED were arteriogenic (38), diabetes mellitus (DM) (39), neurogenic (35), mixed (90), and venous leakage (30).
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349302
12HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with neurogenic erectile dysfunction, the response rate to intracavernosal VIP with phentolamine in the dose-assessment phase was 86%.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction from nerve problems, VIP with phentolamine produced a response in 86%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableResponse rate in neurogenic erectile dysfunction
Study
n = 35
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
86%
neurogenic
Source sentences
Summary
In the dose-assessment phase there was an overall response rate of 82%, with responses by aetiology as follows: arteriogenic (82%), DM (85%), neurogenic (86%), mixed (80%), and venous leakage (77%).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The main aetiologies of ED were arteriogenic (38), diabetes mellitus (DM) (39), neurogenic (35), mixed (90), and venous leakage (30).
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349304
13HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with venous-leakage erectile dysfunction, the response rate to intracavernosal VIP with phentolamine in the dose-assessment phase was 77%.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction from venous leakage, VIP with phentolamine produced a response in 77%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableResponse rate in erectile dysfunction from venous leakage
Study
n = 30
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Response rate
77%
venous leakage
Source sentences
Summary
In the dose-assessment phase there was an overall response rate of 82%, with responses by aetiology as follows: arteriogenic (82%), DM (85%), neurogenic (86%), mixed (80%), and venous leakage (77%).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The main aetiologies of ED were arteriogenic (38), diabetes mellitus (DM) (39), neurogenic (35), mixed (90), and venous leakage (30).
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349306
14HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
In men with nonpsychogenic erectile dysfunction, the median duration of erection after VIP with phentolamine was 56 min.
In plain wordsIn men with erectile dysfunction, the erection after VIP with phentolamine lasted a median of 56 minutes.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableMedian duration of erection
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Sexual function · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Median erection duration
56 min
VIP/phentolamine
Source sentences
Summary
with a median duration of erection of 56 min.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349310
15HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
Over 88% of patients were satisfied with VIP with phentolamine.
In plain wordsMore than 88% of men were satisfied with the VIP and phentolamine treatment.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicablePatient satisfaction with the drug
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Patient-reported outcomes · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Satisfaction with drug
> 88%
Source sentences
Summary
Over 88% and 92% of patients were satisfied with the drug and auto-injector, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349315
16HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
Over 92% of patients were satisfied with the auto-injector used for VIP with phentolamine.
In plain wordsMore than 92% of men were satisfied with the injection device used for VIP and phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicablePatient satisfaction with the auto-injector
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Patient-reported outcomes · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Satisfaction with auto-injector
> 92%
Source sentences
Summary
Over 88% and 92% of patients were satisfied with the drug and auto-injector, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349316
17HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
More than 85% of patients reported an improved quality of life with VIP and phentolamine.
In plain wordsMore than 85% of men reported a better quality of life with VIP and phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableImproved quality of life reported by patients
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Patient-reported outcomes · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Patients reporting improved quality of life
> 85%
Source sentences
Summary
More than 85% of patients and 77% of partners reported an improved quality of life.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349317
18HumanNot a test of Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) aloneNon-randomized trialEfficacy outcome
77% of partners reported an improved quality of life with VIP and phentolamine.
In plain words77% of partners reported a better quality of life with VIP and phentolamine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableImproved quality of life reported by partners
Study
n: not reported in source
Outcome group
Patient-reported outcomes · Reproductive and sexual health
Measurements
Partners reporting improved quality of life
77%
Source sentences
Summary
More than 85% of patients and 77% of partners reported an improved quality of life.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The study comprised 236 men with primarily nonpsychogenic ED attending sexual dysfunction clinics at eight institutions.
In this study, Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil).
Report a problemFND-1023349318

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
9 Oct 2026, 19:08 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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