Thymulin stimulates prolactin and thyrotropin release in an age-related manner.

Brown OA, Sosa YE, Bolognani F, Goya RG

Mechanisms of ageing and development1 Sept 1998Cited by 12 (Europe PMC)

PMID9818729DOI10.1016/s0047-6374(98)00072-4PepBankPUB-09818729

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study19

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, thymulin produced a logarithmic dose response in prolactin release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, prolactin release increased with thymulin dose.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreasePerifused prolactin release
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
10(-8) to 10(-5) MAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Perifusion of young and senescent AP cells with thymulin doses ranging from 10(-8) to 10(-5) M gave a logarithmic dose response pattern for both hormones.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
Report a problemFND-0981872901
02LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, thymulin produced a logarithmic dose response in thyrotropin release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, thyrotropin release increased with thymulin dose.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreasePerifused thyrotropin release
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
10(-8) to 10(-5) MAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Perifusion of young and senescent AP cells with thymulin doses ranging from 10(-8) to 10(-5) M gave a logarithmic dose response pattern for both hormones.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
Report a problemFND-0981872902
03LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells exposed to thymulin, prolactin release was lower in senescent cells.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands exposed to thymulin, aged cells released less prolactin than young cells.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
DecreaseProlactin release in senescent cells
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Comparator
young cells
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Hormone release was always lower in the senescent cells.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Perifusion of young and senescent AP cells with thymulin doses ranging from 10(-8) to 10(-5) M gave a logarithmic dose response pattern for both hormones.
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
Report a problemFND-0981872905
04LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells exposed to thymulin, thyrotropin release was lower in senescent cells.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands exposed to thymulin, aged cells released less thyrotropin than young cells.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
DecreaseThyrotropin release in senescent cells
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Comparator
young cells
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Hormone release was always lower in the senescent cells.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Perifusion of young and senescent AP cells with thymulin doses ranging from 10(-8) to 10(-5) M gave a logarithmic dose response pattern for both hormones.
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
Report a problemFND-0981872906
05LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, thymulin produced time-dependent prolactin release with a bell-shaped dose response and a maximum at 10(-7) M.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, prolactin release varied with thymulin dose and exposure time.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
MixedIncubated prolactin release
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
10(-8) to 10(-3) MAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AP cells incubated with 10(-8) to 10(-3) M thymulin showed a time- and dose-dependent response for both hormones, the latter being bell-shaped with a maximum at 10(-7) M thymulin.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
Report a problemFND-0981872907
06LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, thymulin produced time-dependent thyrotropin release with a bell-shaped dose response and a maximum at 10(-7) M.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, thyrotropin release varied with thymulin dose and exposure time.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
MixedIncubated thyrotropin release
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
10(-8) to 10(-3) MAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
AP cells incubated with 10(-8) to 10(-3) M thymulin showed a time- and dose-dependent response for both hormones, the latter being bell-shaped with a maximum at 10(-7) M thymulin.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
Report a problemFND-0981872908
07LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat anterior pituitary cells, middle age did not appear to impair responsiveness to thymulin.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, middle age did not appear to reduce the response to thymulin.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
No significant changeAnterior pituitary cell responsiveness in middle age
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Senescence but not middle age, appears to impair AP cell responsiveness to thymulin.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
Report a problemFND-0981872919

Studies that did not test the peptide alone12

In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).

08LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, thymic epithelial cell supernatants showed prolactin secretagogue activity.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, thymic cell supernatants stimulated prolactin release.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreaseProlactin release with TEC supernatants
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
Supernatants from TEC lines also showed PRL and TSH secretagogue activity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872903
09LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, thymic epithelial cell supernatants showed thyrotropin secretagogue activity.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, thymic cell supernatants stimulated thyrotropin release.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreaseThyrotropin release with TEC supernatants
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
Supernatants from TEC lines also showed PRL and TSH secretagogue activity.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872904
10LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cell experiments, anti-thymulin serum completely quenched thymulin secretagogue activity.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, anti-thymulin serum completely blocked thymulin activity that stimulates hormone release.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
DecreaseSecretagogue activity with antiserum
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
Preincubation of thymulin with an anti-thymulin serum completely quenched the secretagogue activity of the thymic hormone.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872909
11LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells from all age groups, thymulin with TRH produced synergistic prolactin release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands of all ages, thymulin with TRH produced synergistic prolactin release.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreaseProlactin release with TRH
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
Coincubation of thymulin with TRH revealed a synergistic release of PRL and TSH in AP cells from all age groups.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872910
12LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells from all age groups, thymulin with TRH produced synergistic thyrotropin release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands of all ages, thymulin with TRH produced synergistic thyrotropin release.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreaseThyrotropin release with TRH
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
Coincubation of thymulin with TRH revealed a synergistic release of PRL and TSH in AP cells from all age groups.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872911
13LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, EGTA blocked thymulin-induced hormone release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, EGTA blocked hormone release stimulated by thymulin.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
DecreaseHormone release with EGTA
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The calcium chelator EGTA but not the calcium ionophore A23187, blocked the hormone-releasing activity of thymulin in AP cells.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872912
14LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, A23187 did not block thymulin-induced hormone release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, A23187 did not block hormone release stimulated by thymulin.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
No significant changeHormone release with A23187
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The calcium chelator EGTA but not the calcium ionophore A23187, blocked the hormone-releasing activity of thymulin in AP cells.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872913
15LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, caffeine, NaF and forskolin increased thymulin-stimulated prolactin release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, caffeine, NaF and forskolin increased prolactin release beyond thymulin stimulation alone.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreaseProlactin release with cAMP enhancers
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Comparator
thymulin stimulation without cAMP enhancers
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The cAMP enhancers, caffeine, NaF and forskolin, significantly increased the thymulin-stimulated release of PRL and TSH, while trifluoperazine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, had no effect.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872914
16LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, caffeine, NaF and forskolin increased thymulin-stimulated thyrotropin release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, caffeine, NaF and forskolin increased thyrotropin release beyond thymulin stimulation alone.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreaseThyrotropin release with cAMP enhancers
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Comparator
thymulin stimulation without cAMP enhancers
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The cAMP enhancers, caffeine, NaF and forskolin, significantly increased the thymulin-stimulated release of PRL and TSH, while trifluoperazine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, had no effect.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872915
17LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, trifluoperazine did not affect thymulin-stimulated hormone release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, trifluoperazine did not change hormone release stimulated by thymulin.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
No significant changeHormone release with trifluoperazine
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The cAMP enhancers, caffeine, NaF and forskolin, significantly increased the thymulin-stimulated release of PRL and TSH, while trifluoperazine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, had no effect.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872916
18LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, LiCl potentiated thymulin action on prolactin release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, LiCl increased thymulin activity on prolactin release.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreaseProlactin release with LiCl
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Comparator
thymulin without LiCl
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The inositol phosphate enhancer LiCl, potentiated the action of thymulin on PRL and TSH.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872917
19LabNot a test of Thymulin (serum thymic factor) aloneIn vitro (cells)Mechanism
In rat pituitary cells, LiCl potentiated thymulin action on thyrotropin release.
In plain wordsIn cells from rat pituitary glands, LiCl increased thymulin activity on thyrotropin release.
Peptide
Thymulin (serum thymic factor)
Outcome
IncreaseThyrotropin release with LiCl
Study
ratn: not reported in source
dispersed anterior pituitary cells from female Sprague-Dawley rats
Comparator
thymulin without LiCl
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The inositol phosphate enhancer LiCl, potentiated the action of thymulin on PRL and TSH.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We assessed the ability of thymulin to influence the release of PRL and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) from dispersed anterior pituitary (AP) cells from young, middle-aged and senescent Sprague-Dawley female rats.
In this study, Thymulin (serum thymic factor) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymulin (serum thymic factor).
Report a problemFND-0981872918

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 3Current
21 Oct 2026, 15:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 2
21 Oct 2026, 13:55 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Thymulin stimulates prolactin and thyrotropin release in an age-related manner.

Summary

Results from this study19

Studies that did not test the peptide alone12

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms