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Study · Animal study (in vivo) · mouse · 1994

6 results

Combined effect of fluconazole and thymosin alpha 1 on systemic candidiasis in mice immunosuppressed by morphine treatments.

di Francesco P, Gaziano R, Casalinuovo IA, Belogi L, Palamara AT, Favalli C, Garaci E

Clinical and experimental immunology1 Sept 1994Cited by 13 (Europe PMC)

PMID8082290 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1111/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06093.x (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-08082290
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

2 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In morphine-immunosuppressed mice, thymosin alpha‑1 as a single agent promoted recovery of normal NK cell activity.

    In plain wordsIn mice with morphine-weakened immunity, thymosin alpha‑1 alone helped natural killer cell activity return to normal.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseNK cell activity recovery (thymosin alpha 1 alone)
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Morphine-immunosuppressed mice infected with Candida albicans
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Treatment with T alpha 1 or fluconazole as single agents promoted a recovery of normal NK cell activity and intracellular killing of C. albicans by PMN
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Treatment of systemic infection with Candida albicans with a combination of an antifungal agent (i.e. fluconazole) and a thymus-derived immunostimulant (i.e. thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1)) in mice immunosuppressed by morphine treatments was investigated.
  2. 02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In morphine-immunosuppressed mice, thymosin alpha‑1 as a single agent promoted recovery of normal intracellular killing of C. albicans by polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

    In plain wordsIn mice with morphine-weakened immunity, thymosin alpha‑1 alone helped immune cells kill the fungus again.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseIntracellular killing of C. albicans by PMN (thymosin alpha 1 alone)
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Morphine-immunosuppressed mice infected with Candida albicans
    Outcome group
    Infection and antimicrobial activity · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Treatment with T alpha 1 or fluconazole as single agents promoted a recovery of normal NK cell activity and intracellular killing of C. albicans by PMN
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Treatment of systemic infection with Candida albicans with a combination of an antifungal agent (i.e. fluconazole) and a thymus-derived immunostimulant (i.e. thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1)) in mice immunosuppressed by morphine treatments was investigated.

Studies that did not test the peptide alone4

In this study, Thymosin alpha-1 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Thymosin alpha-1.

  1. 03AnimalNot a test of Thymosin alpha-1 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In morphine-immunosuppressed mice with systemic candidiasis, fluconazole plus thymosin alpha‑1 prolonged survival.

    In plain wordsIn mice with a fungal infection and weakened immunity, fluconazole together with thymosin alpha‑1 prolonged survival.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseSurvival
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Morphine-immunosuppressed mice infected with Candida albicans
    Outcome group
    Mortality · Infection

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Combination treatment with fluconazole and T alpha 1 prolonged survival and reduced the fungal burden in the kidneys of immunosuppressed mice.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Treatment of systemic infection with Candida albicans with a combination of an antifungal agent (i.e. fluconazole) and a thymus-derived immunostimulant (i.e. thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1)) in mice immunosuppressed by morphine treatments was investigated.

    In this study, Thymosin alpha-1 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin alpha-1.

  2. 04AnimalNot a test of Thymosin alpha-1 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In morphine-immunosuppressed mice with systemic candidiasis, fluconazole plus thymosin alpha‑1 reduced the fungal burden in the kidneys.

    In plain wordsIn mice with a fungal infection and weakened immunity, fluconazole together with thymosin alpha‑1 lowered the fungus in the kidneys.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    DecreaseFungal burden in kidneys
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Morphine-immunosuppressed mice infected with Candida albicans
    Outcome group
    Infection and antimicrobial activity · Infection

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Combination treatment with fluconazole and T alpha 1 prolonged survival and reduced the fungal burden in the kidneys of immunosuppressed mice.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Treatment of systemic infection with Candida albicans with a combination of an antifungal agent (i.e. fluconazole) and a thymus-derived immunostimulant (i.e. thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1)) in mice immunosuppressed by morphine treatments was investigated.

    In this study, Thymosin alpha-1 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin alpha-1.

  3. 05AnimalNot a test of Thymosin alpha-1 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In morphine-immunosuppressed mice, fluconazole plus thymosin alpha‑1 significantly increased NK cell activity.

    In plain wordsIn mice with morphine-weakened immunity, fluconazole together with thymosin alpha‑1 raised natural killer cell activity.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreaseNK cell activity with the combination
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Morphine-immunosuppressed mice infected with Candida albicans
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    while the combination significantly increased both of these responses
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Treatment of systemic infection with Candida albicans with a combination of an antifungal agent (i.e. fluconazole) and a thymus-derived immunostimulant (i.e. thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1)) in mice immunosuppressed by morphine treatments was investigated.

    In this study, Thymosin alpha-1 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin alpha-1.

  4. 06AnimalNot a test of Thymosin alpha-1 aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome

    In morphine-immunosuppressed mice, fluconazole plus thymosin alpha‑1 significantly increased intracellular killing of C. albicans by polymorphonuclear leucocytes.

    In plain wordsIn mice with morphine-weakened immunity, fluconazole together with thymosin alpha‑1 made immune cells kill more fungus.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreasePMN killing of C. albicans with the combination
    Study

    mousen: not reported in source

    Morphine-immunosuppressed mice infected with Candida albicans
    Outcome group
    Infection and antimicrobial activity · Immune and inflammation

    Source sentences

    Summary
    while the combination significantly increased both of these responses
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Treatment of systemic infection with Candida albicans with a combination of an antifungal agent (i.e. fluconazole) and a thymus-derived immunostimulant (i.e. thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1)) in mice immunosuppressed by morphine treatments was investigated.

    In this study, Thymosin alpha-1 was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Thymosin alpha-1.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:55 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

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