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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 1995

3 results

Distribution of vasoactive intestinal peptide-like immunoreactivity in the taste organs of teleost fish and frog.

Witt M

The Histochemical journal1 Feb 1995Cited by 12 (Europe PMC)

PMID7775201 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1007/bf00243912 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-07775201
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In carp and European catfish, the body's own VIP was found in taste bud cells, in the membrane systems of light (sensory) cells but not of dark or basal cells.

    In plain wordsIn carp and catfish, the body's own VIP was found inside the sensory cells of taste buds.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableVIP immunoreactivity in fish taste bud cells
    Study

    carp and European catfishn: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Using immunohistochemistry, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was visualized in taste bud cells of the carp, Cyprinus carpio, and the European catfish, Silurus glanis, by means of light and electron microscopy. Intracellular membrane systems, presumably smooth endoplasmic reticulum, of light (sens…
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using immunohistochemistry, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was visualized in taste bud cells of the carp, Cyprinus carpio, and the European catfish, Silurus glanis, by means of light and electron microscopy.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In four frog species, taste bud cells did not label for the body's own VIP.

    In plain wordsIn frogs, the body's own VIP was not found in taste bud cells.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    No significant changeVIP immunoreactivity in frog taste bud cells
    Study

    frogn: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In the frog (four species: Rana temporaria, R. ridibunda, R. arvalis, R. pipiens), taste bud cells did not label.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using immunohistochemistry, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was visualized in taste bud cells of the carp, Cyprinus carpio, and the European catfish, Silurus glanis, by means of light and electron microscopy.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In frogs, the dense basal nerve fibre plexus and some subepithelial ganglionic cells, but no ascending intragemmal fibres, were VIP immunoreactive.

    In plain wordsIn frogs, the body's own VIP was found in nerve fibres and some nerve cells near the taste buds.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableVIP immunoreactivity in frog nerve fibres and ganglionic cells
    Study

    frogn: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Receptor activity and mechanism · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, the dense basal nerve fibre plexus, some subepithelial ganglionic cells, but no ascending intragemmal fibres, were immunoreactive.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Using immunohistochemistry, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was visualized in taste bud cells of the carp, Cyprinus carpio, and the European catfish, Silurus glanis, by means of light and electron microscopy.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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