Insulin-like growth factor-I and more potent variants restore growth of diabetic rats without inducing all characteristic insulin effects.

Tomas FM, Knowles SE, Owens PC, Chandler CS, Francis GL, Ballard FJ

The Biochemical journal1 May 1993Cited by 11 (Europe PMC)

PMID7683875PMCIDPMC1132436DOI10.1042/bj2910781PepBankPUB-07683875

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study15

9 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, treatment with IGF-I and its variants including LR3-IGF-I led to a marked dose-dependent increase in growth rate.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, IGF-I and the LR3 IGF-I analogue increased growth rate markedly, more so at higher doses.
Peptide
IGF-1 LR3
Outcome
IncreaseGrowth rate
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Comparator
vehicle
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · mini-osmotic pumpAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment led to a marked dose-dependent increase in growth rate and nitrogen balance.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Summary · context
The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-terminal extension, termed LR3-IGF-I.
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Report a problemFND-0768387501
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, treatment with IGF-I and its variants including LR3-IGF-I led to a marked dose-dependent increase in nitrogen balance.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, IGF-I and the LR3 IGF-I analogue improved nitrogen balance markedly, more so at higher doses.
Peptide
IGF-1 LR3
Outcome
IncreaseNitrogen balance
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Comparator
vehicle
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · mini-osmotic pumpAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment led to a marked dose-dependent increase in growth rate and nitrogen balance.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Summary · context
The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-terminal extension, termed LR3-IGF-I.
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Report a problemFND-0768387502
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, the two variants including LR3-IGF-I were 2.5-3 times more potent than IGF-I in restoring growth.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, the LR3 IGF-I analogue restored growth with 2.5 to 3 times the potency of IGF-I.
Peptide
IGF-1 LR3
Outcome
IncreasePotency in restoring growth versus IGF-I
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Comparator
IGF-I
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · mini-osmotic pumpAs given in this study (rat).
Measurements
potency ratio variants to IGF-I
2.5 to 3 fold
restoring growth
Source sentences
Summary
The two variants were 2.5-3 times more potent than IGF-I in restoring growth.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Summary · context
The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-terminal extension, termed LR3-IGF-I.
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Report a problemFND-0768387503
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, all peptides increased muscle protein-synthesis rates by up to 50%, with IGF-I the least potent.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, IGF-I and the LR3 IGF-I analogue increased muscle protein synthesis, with IGF-I the weakest.
Peptide
IGF-1 LR3
Outcome
IncreaseMuscle protein-synthesis rate
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · mini-osmotic pumpAs given in this study (rat).
Measurements
muscle protein-synthesis increase
≤ 50%
all peptides
Source sentences
Summary
All peptides increased muscle protein-synthesis rates and RNA levels by up to 50%, with IGF-I the least potent.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Summary · context
The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-terminal extension, termed LR3-IGF-I.
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Report a problemFND-0768387504
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, all peptides increased muscle RNA levels by up to 50%, with IGF-I the least potent.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, IGF-I and the LR3 IGF-I analogue raised muscle RNA levels, with IGF-I the weakest.
Peptide
IGF-1 LR3
Outcome
IncreaseMuscle RNA levels
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · mini-osmotic pumpAs given in this study (rat).
Measurements
muscle RNA level increase
≤ 50%
all peptides
Source sentences
Summary
All peptides increased muscle protein-synthesis rates and RNA levels by up to 50%, with IGF-I the least potent.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Summary · context
The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-terminal extension, termed LR3-IGF-I.
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Report a problemFND-0768387505
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, high doses of IGFs including LR3-IGF-I did not decrease glucosuria.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, high doses of IGF-I and the LR3 IGF-I analogue did not reduce sugar loss in urine.
Peptide
IGF-1 LR3
Outcome
No significant changeGlucosuria
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Comparator
vehicle
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · mini-osmotic pumpAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
These high doses of IGFs did not decrease either the glucosuria or the daily excretion rate of N tau-methyl-histidine (N tau-MH).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Summary · context
The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-terminal extension, termed LR3-IGF-I.
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Report a problemFND-0768387506
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, high doses of IGFs including LR3-IGF-I did not decrease the daily excretion rate of N tau-methyl-histidine.
In plain wordsIn diabetic rats, high doses of IGF-I and the LR3 IGF-I analogue did not reduce a urine marker of muscle breakdown.
Peptide
IGF-1 LR3
Outcome
No significant changeDaily excretion of N tau-methyl-histidine
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Comparator
vehicle
Outcome group
Protein and amino acid metabolism · Musculoskeletal
Studied dose
Dose not stated · mini-osmotic pumpAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
These high doses of IGFs did not decrease either the glucosuria or the daily excretion rate of N tau-methyl-histidine (N tau-MH).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Summary · context
The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-terminal extension, termed LR3-IGF-I.
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Report a problemFND-0768387507
08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, des(1‑3)IGF-I increased muscle protein synthesis rates, with IGF-I the least potent tested peptide.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, des(1‑3)IGF-I increased muscle protein synthesis, with IGF-I the least potent tested peptide.
Peptide
IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I)
Outcome
IncreaseMuscle protein synthesis rate
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · Infusion via mini-osmotic pumpsAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
All peptides increased muscle protein-synthesis rates and RNA levels by up to 50%, with IGF-I the least potent.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-ter…
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Summary · context
Reference groups received either vehicle or insulin (30 i.u. per day).
Report a problemFND-0768387511
09AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, des(1‑3)IGF-I increased muscle RNA levels, with IGF-I the least potent tested peptide.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, des(1‑3)IGF-I increased muscle RNA levels, with IGF-I the least potent tested peptide.
Peptide
IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I)
Outcome
IncreaseMuscle RNA levels
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Metabolic and weight
Studied dose
Dose not stated · Infusion via mini-osmotic pumpsAs given in this study (rat).
Source sentences
Summary
All peptides increased muscle protein-synthesis rates and RNA levels by up to 50%, with IGF-I the least potent.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-ter…
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Summary · context
Reference groups received either vehicle or insulin (30 i.u. per day).
Report a problemFND-0768387512

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

In this study, IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I).

10AnimalNot a test of IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, pooled IGF peptide treatment produced a marked dose-dependent increase in growth rate.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, pooled IGF peptide treatment increased growth rate with increasing doses.
Peptide
IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I)
Outcome
IncreaseGrowth rate
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment led to a marked dose-dependent increase in growth rate and nitrogen balance.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-ter…
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Summary · context
Reference groups received either vehicle or insulin (30 i.u. per day).
In this study, IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I).
Report a problemFND-0768387508
11AnimalNot a test of IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, pooled IGF peptide treatment produced a marked dose-dependent increase in nitrogen balance.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, pooled IGF peptide treatment increased nitrogen balance with increasing doses.
Peptide
IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I)
Outcome
IncreaseNitrogen balance
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
Treatment led to a marked dose-dependent increase in growth rate and nitrogen balance.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-ter…
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Summary · context
Reference groups received either vehicle or insulin (30 i.u. per day).
In this study, IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I).
Report a problemFND-0768387509
12AnimalNot a test of IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, the two variants including des(1‑3)IGF-I were 2.5-3 times more potent than IGF-I in restoring growth.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, the two variants including des(1‑3)IGF-I restored growth more potently than IGF-I.
Peptide
IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I)
Outcome
IncreaseGrowth-restoring potency of the two variants
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Comparator
IGF-I
Outcome group
Body weight · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Relative growth-restoring potency
2.5 to 3 times
two variants versus IGF-I
Source sentences
Summary
The two variants were 2.5-3 times more potent than IGF-I in restoring growth.
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-ter…
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Summary · context
Reference groups received either vehicle or insulin (30 i.u. per day).
In this study, IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I).
Report a problemFND-0768387510
13AnimalNot a test of IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, high-dose IGFs including des(1‑3)IGF-I did not decrease glucosuria.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, high-dose IGFs including des(1‑3)IGF-I did not reduce glucose loss in urine.
Peptide
IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I)
Outcome
No significant changeGlucosuria
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Outcome group
Glycemic control · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
These high doses of IGFs did not decrease either the glucosuria or the daily excretion rate of N tau-methyl-histidine (N tau-MH).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-ter…
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Summary · context
Reference groups received either vehicle or insulin (30 i.u. per day).
In this study, IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I).
Report a problemFND-0768387513
14AnimalNot a test of IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, high-dose IGFs including des(1‑3)IGF-I did not decrease daily N tau-methyl-histidine excretion.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, high-dose IGFs including des(1‑3)IGF-I did not reduce daily N tau-methyl-histidine excretion.
Peptide
IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I)
Outcome
No significant changeN tau-methyl-histidine excretion
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Outcome group
Muscle injury and repair · Metabolic and weight
Source sentences
Summary
These high doses of IGFs did not decrease either the glucosuria or the daily excretion rate of N tau-methyl-histidine (N tau-MH).
3 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-ter…
Summary · context
The peptides were infused via mini-osmotic pumps.
Summary · context
Reference groups received either vehicle or insulin (30 i.u. per day).
In this study, IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I).
Report a problemFND-0768387514
15AnimalNot a test of IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In diabetic rats, all groups other than insulin had lower carcass fat concentrations than the insulin group.
In plain wordsIn rats with diabetes, all groups other than insulin had lower carcass fat concentrations than the insulin group.
Peptide
IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I)
Outcome
DecreaseCarcass fat concentration
Study
ratn: not reported in source
streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Comparator
Insulin-treated group
Outcome group
Body composition · Metabolic and weight
Measurements
Carcass fat concentration
32.2 g/kg carcass wet wt.
all other groups
Carcass fat concentration
92.5 g/kg carcass wet wt.
insulin-treated group
Source sentences
Summary
The insulin-treated group gained more weight (64.5 +/- 1.6 g/7 days), but the added gain was fat (92.5 +/- 4.8 g of fat/kg carcass wet wt., compared with 32.2 +/- 2.1 for all other groups) rather than protein.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effects of graded doses of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and two variants which bind poorly to IGF-binding proteins were investigated in 160 g streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The two variants were the truncated form, des(1-3)IGF-I, and another with arginine at residue 3 and an N-ter…
Summary · context
Reference groups received either vehicle or insulin (30 i.u. per day).
In this study, IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I) was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking IGF-1 DES (des(1-3)IGF-I).
Report a problemFND-0768387515

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Versions 3 to 4Current
21 Oct 2026, 13:52 UTC
The same notice was added 2 times, first on 21 Oct 2026, 12:50 UTC. The status did not change between them.
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 2
13 Oct 2026, 21:44 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
13 Oct 2026, 16:31 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Insulin-like growth factor-I and more potent variants restore growth of diabetic rats without inducing all characteristic insulin effects.

Summary

Results from this study15

Studies that did not test the peptide alone6

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms