Differential response of neuropeptide Y, substance P and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the rat anterior pituitary gland to alterations in thyroid hormone status.

Jones PM, Ghatei MA, Wallis SC, Bloom SR

The Journal of endocrinology1 Nov 1994Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID7530290DOI10.1677/joe.0.1430393PepBankPUB-07530290

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study6

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured6

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, thyroidectomy increased the body's own VIP content of the anterior pituitary compared with controls.
In plain wordsIn rats, removing the thyroid raised the body's own VIP content in the pituitary gland compared with controls.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseVIP peptide content after thyroidectomy
Study
ratn: not reported in source
anterior pituitary gland
Comparator
Control rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
VIP content
1386 fmol/gland
thyroidectomy
VIP content
417 fmol/gland
controls
Source sentences
Summary
Thyroidectomy produced large increases in the peptide content of NPY (335 +/- 58 fmol/gland vs 15 +/- 4 fmol/gland in controls), SP (581 +/- 90 vs 199 +/- 32 fmol/gland) and VIP (1386 +/- 395 vs 417 +/- 77 fmol/gland)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We have compared the effects of thyroidectomy with those of thyroxine (T4) replacement and excess T4 treatment on neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat anterior pituitary, and compared these with the effects on substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0753029001
02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, thyroidectomy increased VIP mRNA in the anterior pituitary.
In plain wordsIn rats, removing the thyroid raised the gene message for the body's own VIP in the pituitary gland.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseVIP mRNA after thyroidectomy
Study
ratn: not reported in source
anterior pituitary gland
Comparator
Control rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
together with large increases in the respective prohormone encoding mRNAs, NPY 21,760% +/- 1290%, preprotachykinin-A (PPT-A; which encodes the substance P precursor) 1744% +/- 190% and VIP 680% +/- 129%
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We have compared the effects of thyroidectomy with those of thyroxine (T4) replacement and excess T4 treatment on neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat anterior pituitary, and compared these with the effects on substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0753029002
03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, thyroidectomy with thyroxine replacement left the body's own VIP content of the anterior pituitary not significantly different from controls.
In plain wordsIn rats with thyroid removal and thyroxine replacement, the body's own VIP content in the pituitary was not significantly different from controls.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
No significant changeVIP peptide content after thyroidectomy with T4 replacement
Study
ratn: not reported in source
anterior pituitary gland
Comparator
Control rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
The peptide contents of SP and VIP were not significantly different from controls.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Thyroidectomy together with T4 replacement produced an increase in both NPY peptide (426 +/- 72 vs 15 +/- 4 fmol/gland) and mRNA content (970% +/- 156% of controls).
Summary · context
We have compared the effects of thyroidectomy with those of thyroxine (T4) replacement and excess T4 treatment on neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat anterior pituitary, and compared these with the effects on substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0753029003
04AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, thyroidectomy with thyroxine replacement decreased VIP mRNA in the anterior pituitary relative to controls.
In plain wordsIn rats with thyroid removal and thyroxine replacement, the gene message for the body's own VIP in the pituitary was lower than in controls.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseVIP mRNA after thyroidectomy with T4 replacement
Study
ratn: not reported in source
anterior pituitary gland
Comparator
Control rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
PPT-A and VIP mRNA levels were decreased relative to controls (31% +/- 8% and 23% +/- 10% respectively).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Thyroidectomy together with T4 replacement produced an increase in both NPY peptide (426 +/- 72 vs 15 +/- 4 fmol/gland) and mRNA content (970% +/- 156% of controls).
Summary · context
We have compared the effects of thyroidectomy with those of thyroxine (T4) replacement and excess T4 treatment on neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat anterior pituitary, and compared these with the effects on substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0753029004
05AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In intact rats given excess thyroxine, the body's own VIP content of the anterior pituitary was significantly reduced compared with controls.
In plain wordsIn rats given too much thyroxine, the body's own VIP content in the pituitary gland fell compared with controls.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseVIP peptide content with excess T4
Study
ratn: not reported in source
anterior pituitary gland
Comparator
Control rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
VIP content
226 fmol/gland
excess T4
VIP content
417 fmol/gland
controls
Source sentences
Summary
In intact animals treated with excess T4 (hyperthyroid animals), SP and VIP peptide contents were significantly reduced (55 +/- 13 vs 199 +/- 32 fmol/gland and 226 +/- 24 vs 417 +/- 77 fmol/gland respectively) and the SP and VIP encoding mRNAs were also decreased (8% +/- 3% and 11% +/- 4% respectively).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We have compared the effects of thyroidectomy with those of thyroxine (T4) replacement and excess T4 treatment on neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat anterior pituitary, and compared these with the effects on substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0753029005
06AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In intact rats given excess thyroxine, VIP mRNA in the anterior pituitary was decreased.
In plain wordsIn rats given too much thyroxine, the gene message for the body's own VIP in the pituitary gland was lower.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseVIP mRNA with excess T4
Study
ratn: not reported in source
anterior pituitary gland
Comparator
Control rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
In intact animals treated with excess T4 (hyperthyroid animals), SP and VIP peptide contents were significantly reduced (55 +/- 13 vs 199 +/- 32 fmol/gland and 226 +/- 24 vs 417 +/- 77 fmol/gland respectively) and the SP and VIP encoding mRNAs were also decreased (8% +/- 3% and 11% +/- 4% respectively).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
We have compared the effects of thyroidectomy with those of thyroxine (T4) replacement and excess T4 treatment on neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the rat anterior pituitary, and compared these with the effects on substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0753029006

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Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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