Neural release of vasoactive intestinal peptide from the gut.

Bitar KN, Said SI, Weir GC, Saffouri B, Makhlouf GM

Gastroenterology1 Dec 1980Cited by 45 (Europe PMC)

PMID7439634DOI10.1016/0016-5085(80)90927-0PepBankPUB-07439634

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study16

1 result from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In dogs, oxytocin increased portal VIP concentration about threefold.
In plain wordsIn dogs, oxytocin increased portal concentration of the body's own VIP about threefold.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
IncreasePortal VIP concentration
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Oxytocin and neostigmine increased the portal concentrations of VIP by threefold and sevenfold, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the canine gut and its possible neural origin were studied using two agents, oxytocin and neostigmine, known to increase peripheral levels of VIP.
Report a problemFND-0743963401

Natural levels measured12

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs, oxytocin increased portal concentration of the body's own VIP about threefold.
In plain wordsIn dogs, portal concentration of the body's own VIP rose about threefold after oxytocin.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreasePortal VIP concentration after oxytocin
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Oxytocin and neostigmine increased the portal concentrations of VIP by threefold and sevenfold, respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the canine gut and its possible neural origin were studied using two agents, oxytocin and neostigmine, known to increase peripheral levels of VIP.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963402
03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs under basal conditions, portal blood VIP concentration was about twice the femoral concentration.
In plain wordsIn dogs, natural VIP was about twice as high in portal as femoral blood under basal conditions.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicablePortal-to-femoral vein VIP gradient
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Comparator
portal versus femoral blood
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
A considerable portal/femoral vein gradient ranging from twofold in the basal state to sevenfold during stimulation with neostigmine indicated that the gut was the main source of circulating VIP.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963403
04AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs, the brain made only a minor contribution to circulating VIP.
In plain wordsIn dogs, the brain made only a minor contribution to circulating natural VIP.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableBrain contribution to circulating VIP
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
The contribution of the brain was minor, and that of the uterus was undetectable.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A considerable portal/femoral vein gradient ranging from twofold in the basal state to sevenfold during stimulation with neostigmine indicated that the gut was the main source of circulating VIP.
Summary · context
The release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the canine gut and its possible neural origin were studied using two agents, oxytocin and neostigmine, known to increase peripheral levels of VIP.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963404
05AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs, the uterus made an undetectable contribution to circulating VIP.
In plain wordsIn dogs, no contribution from the uterus to circulating natural VIP was detected.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableUterine contribution to circulating VIP
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
The contribution of the brain was minor, and that of the uterus was undetectable.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
A considerable portal/femoral vein gradient ranging from twofold in the basal state to sevenfold during stimulation with neostigmine indicated that the gut was the main source of circulating VIP.
Summary · context
The release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the canine gut and its possible neural origin were studied using two agents, oxytocin and neostigmine, known to increase peripheral levels of VIP.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963405
06AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs after enterectomy, residual VIP release from the stomach, pancreas, and proximal duodenum masked the effect of oxytocin.
In plain wordsIn dogs after enterectomy, the body's own VIP release from residual stomach, pancreas, and proximal duodenum masked oxytocin's effect.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseVIP release from residual gut after enterectomy
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Release of VIP occurred from the entire gut: After enterectomy, the residual gut (stomach, pancreas, and proximal duodenum) released spontaneously a large amount of VIP which masked the effect of oxytocin.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the canine gut and its possible neural origin were studied using two agents, oxytocin and neostigmine, known to increase peripheral levels of VIP.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963406
07AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In dogs, hexamethonium strongly inhibited neostigmine-stimulated release of the body's own VIP.
In plain wordsIn dogs, hexamethonium strongly reduced release of natural VIP stimulated by neostigmine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseNeostigmine-stimulated VIP release with hexamethonium
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Hexamethonium strongly inhibited neostigmine-stimulated release of VIP.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the canine gut and its possible neural origin were studied using two agents, oxytocin and neostigmine, known to increase peripheral levels of VIP.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963409
08AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In dogs, atropine abolished neostigmine-stimulated release of the body's own VIP.
In plain wordsIn dogs, atropine stopped natural VIP release stimulated by neostigmine.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseNeostigmine-stimulated VIP release with atropine
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Hexamethonium strongly inhibited neostigmine-stimulated release of VIP. Atropine was even more potent in that it abolished the effect of neostigmine.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963410
09AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs after neostigmine, portal blood VIP concentration was about sevenfold the femoral concentration.
In plain wordsIn dogs after neostigmine, natural VIP was about seven times as high in portal as femoral blood.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableNeostigmine-stimulated portal-to-femoral VIP gradient
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Comparator
portal versus femoral blood
Outcome group
Hormone levels · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
A considerable portal/femoral vein gradient ranging from twofold in the basal state to sevenfold during stimulation with neostigmine indicated that the gut was the main source of circulating VIP.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963411
10AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs, neostigmine increased portal concentration of the body's own VIP sevenfold.
In plain wordsIn dogs, neostigmine increased portal concentration of natural VIP sevenfold.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseNeostigmine-stimulated portal VIP concentration
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Hormone levels · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Oxytocin and neostigmine increased the portal concentrations of VIP by threefold and sevenfold, respectively.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963412
11AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs, tetrodotoxin inhibited oxytocin-challenged release of the body's own VIP by 80%.
In plain wordsIn dogs, tetrodotoxin reduced natural VIP release triggered by oxytocin by 80%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseOxytocin-challenged VIP release with tetrodotoxin
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
VIP release inhibition
80%
tetrodotoxin during oxytocin challenge
Source sentences
Summary
Tetrodotoxin and hexamethonium, but not atropine, inhibited oxytocin-stimulted release of VIP by 80% and 60% respectively.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963413
12AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs, hexamethonium inhibited oxytocin-challenged release of the body's own VIP by 60%.
In plain wordsIn dogs, hexamethonium reduced natural VIP release triggered by oxytocin by 60%.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseOxytocin-challenged VIP release with hexamethonium
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
VIP release inhibition
60%
hexamethonium during oxytocin challenge
Source sentences
Summary
Tetrodotoxin and hexamethonium, but not atropine, inhibited oxytocin-stimulted release of VIP by 80% and 60% respectively.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963414
13AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs, atropine did not inhibit oxytocin-challenged release of the body's own VIP.
In plain wordsIn dogs, atropine did not reduce natural VIP release triggered by oxytocin.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableOxytocin-challenged VIP release with atropine
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Tetrodotoxin and hexamethonium, but not atropine, inhibited oxytocin-stimulted release of VIP by 80% and 60% respectively.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0743963416

Studies that did not test the peptide alone3

In this study, Oxytocin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. These results are not evidence about taking Oxytocin.

14AnimalNot a test of Oxytocin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In dogs, tetrodotoxin inhibited oxytocin-challenged VIP release by 80%.
In plain wordsIn dogs, tetrodotoxin reduced VIP release triggered by oxytocin by 80%.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
DecreaseOxytocin-stimulated VIP release with tetrodotoxin
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
VIP release inhibition
80%
tetrodotoxin during oxytocin challenge
Source sentences
Summary
Tetrodotoxin and hexamethonium, but not atropine, inhibited oxytocin-stimulted release of VIP by 80% and 60% respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the canine gut and its possible neural origin were studied using two agents, oxytocin and neostigmine, known to increase peripheral levels of VIP.
In this study, Oxytocin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Oxytocin.
Report a problemFND-0743963407
15AnimalNot a test of Oxytocin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In dogs, hexamethonium inhibited oxytocin-challenged VIP release by 60%.
In plain wordsIn dogs, hexamethonium reduced VIP release triggered by oxytocin by 60%.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
DecreaseOxytocin-stimulated VIP release with hexamethonium
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Measurements
VIP release inhibition
60%
hexamethonium during oxytocin challenge
Source sentences
Summary
Tetrodotoxin and hexamethonium, but not atropine, inhibited oxytocin-stimulted release of VIP by 80% and 60% respectively.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from the canine gut and its possible neural origin were studied using two agents, oxytocin and neostigmine, known to increase peripheral levels of VIP.
In this study, Oxytocin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Oxytocin.
Report a problemFND-0743963408
16AnimalNot a test of Oxytocin aloneAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In dogs, atropine did not inhibit oxytocin-challenged VIP release.
In plain wordsIn dogs, atropine did not reduce VIP release triggered by oxytocin.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
Not applicableOxytocin-challenged VIP release with atropine
Study
caninen: not reported in source
gut and portal circulation
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Source sentences
Summary
Tetrodotoxin and hexamethonium, but not atropine, inhibited oxytocin-stimulted release of VIP by 80% and 60% respectively.
In this study, Oxytocin was a lab tool or a carrier, part of a mix, or the subject of a lab method. This result is not evidence about taking Oxytocin.
Report a problemFND-0743963415

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 3Current
12 Oct 2026, 11:11 UTC
Study results updated
Version 2
9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 02:53 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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