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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 1981

3 results

Electron immunocytochemistry in vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in the rat brain.

Pelletier G, Leclerc R, Puviani R, Polak JM

Brain research1 Apr 1981Cited by 30 (Europe PMC)

PMID7013904 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/0006-8993(81)90909-4 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-07013904
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In rat brain, VIP immunoreactivity was associated with dendrites and axonal processes.

    In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own VIP was found in the branches and fibres of brain nerve cells.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableCellular location of VIP immunoreactivity
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Ultrastructural localization studies involving use of both pre- and post-embedding staining techniques clearly demonstrated that VIP immunoreactivity was associated with dendrites and axonal processes.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In rat brain terminals, VIP was in large dense core vesicles and not within small clear vesicles, while in dendrites labeling was diffuse in the cytoplasm.

    In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own VIP sat in large dense vesicles of nerve endings, not in small clear ones.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableSubcellular location of VIP in dendrites and terminals
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In dendrites, the labeling was rather diffuse throughout the cytoplasm whereas in terminals it was observed in large dense core vesicles and not within the small clear vesicles.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In order to clearly identify the cellular elements as well as the organelles containing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), an immunocytochemical localization of this peptide was performed in the rat brain.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other

    In rat brain, about 50% of VIP-positive endings formed typical synaptic contact.

    In plain wordsIn rats, about half of the nerve endings containing the body's own VIP formed typical synapses.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableProportion of VIP-positive endings forming synaptic contact
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Measurements

    Positive endings forming synaptic contact
    ≈ 50%
    rat brain

    Source sentences

    Summary
    About 50% of positive endings were observed forming typical synaptic contact.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    In order to clearly identify the cellular elements as well as the organelles containing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), an immunocytochemical localization of this peptide was performed in the rat brain.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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