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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 1984

3 results

A light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical study of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide- and substance P-containing nerve fibers along the cerebral blood vessels: comparison with aminergic and cholinergic nerve fibers.

Itakura T, Okuno T, Nakakita K, Kamei I, Naka Y, Nakai K, Imai H, Komai N, Kimura H, Maeda T

Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism1 Sept 1984Cited by 28 (Europe PMC)

PMID6206080 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1038/jcbfm.1984.59 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-06206080
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01AnimalEndogenous levelOther designOther

    In cerebral blood vessels, VIP-containing nerve fibers were distributed in a spiral pattern, similar to that of muscle cells.

    In plain wordsIn brain blood vessels, the body's own VIP nerve fibers ran in a spiral pattern like the muscle cells.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicablePattern of VIP-containing nerve fibers on cerebral vessels
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    cerebral blood vessels
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    VIP-containing nerve fibers distributed in a spiral pattern, similar to that of muscle cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)- and substance P-containing nerve fibers were observed in the cerebral blood vessels using an immunohistochemical technique.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02AnimalEndogenous levelOther designOther

    Under electron microscopy, VIP-immunoreactive terminals lay close to a muscle cell in the inner layer of the adventitia of cerebral blood vessels.

    In plain wordsIn brain blood vessels, terminals containing the body's own VIP lay close to a muscle cell.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableUltrastructural position of VIP-immunoreactive terminals
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    cerebral blood vessels
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Under electron microscopic observation, VIP-immunoreactive terminals lay close to a muscle cell in the inner layer of the adventitia.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)- and substance P-containing nerve fibers were observed in the cerebral blood vessels using an immunohistochemical technique.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03AnimalEndogenous levelOther designOther

    AChE-positive and VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers had almost the same distribution in the same specimen of cerebral blood vessels.

    In plain wordsIn brain blood vessels, nerve fibers with the body's own VIP and acetylcholinesterase fibers had almost the same distribution.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableCo-distribution of VIP and acetylcholinesterase nerve fibers
    Study

    n: not reported in source

    cerebral blood vessels
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Using both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining and VIP immunohistochemistry, AChE-positive and VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers revealed almost the same distribution in the same specimen.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)- and substance P-containing nerve fibers were observed in the cerebral blood vessels using an immunohistochemical technique.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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