Regional brain concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Lewis SJ, Shulkes A, Jarrott B

Brain research1 Dec 1986Cited by 5 (Europe PMC)

PMID3801918DOI10.1016/0006-8993(86)90614-1PepBankPUB-03801918

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured7

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats, VIP concentration was highest in the cortex (44 pmol/g) and lowest in thoracic spinal cord (2.5 pmol/g).
In plain wordsIn normotensive rats, the body's own VIP was highest in the cortex and lowest in the thoracic spinal cord.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableRegional VIP concentrations in normotensive WKY rats
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition
Measurements
VIP concentration
44 pmol/g
WKY cortex
VIP concentration
2.5 pmol/g
WKY thoracic spinal cord
Source sentences
Summary
The relative order of distribution of VIP in the WKY strain was cortex (44 pmol/g) greater than hippocampus = striatum greater than midbrain = hypothalamus greater than medulla oblongata/pons = lumbar spinal cord (SC) greater than cervical SC greater than thoracic SC (2.5 pmol/g)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The regional brain and spinal cord concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity (VIP) were measured in age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0380191801
02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In spontaneously hypertensive rats, VIP concentration was highest in the cortex (35 pmol/g) and lowest in thoracic spinal cord (1 pmol/g).
In plain wordsIn rats with high blood pressure, the body's own VIP was highest in the cortex and lowest in the thoracic spinal cord.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableRegional VIP concentrations in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition
Measurements
VIP concentration
35 pmol/g
SH cortex
VIP concentration
1 pmol/g
SH thoracic spinal cord
Source sentences
Summary
whereas in the SH strain this order was cortex (35 pmol/g) greater than striatum = midbrain greater than hippocampus = hypothalamus greater than medulla oblongata/pons = lumbar SC greater than cervical SC greater than thoracic SC (1 pmol/g)
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The regional brain and spinal cord concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity (VIP) were measured in age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0380191802
03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
In both rat strains, VIP concentrations of the thalamus, cerebellum and pituitary were at the level of assay sensitivity (0.5 pmol/g).
In plain wordsIn both rat strains, the body's own VIP in the thalamus, cerebellum and pituitary was too low to measure well.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableVIP in thalamus, cerebellum and pituitary
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition
Measurements
VIP concentration
0.5 pmol/g
assay sensitivity level
Source sentences
Summary
The VIP concentrations of the thalamus, cerebellum and pituitary were at the level of assay sensitivity (0.5 pmol/g) in both strains.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The regional brain and spinal cord concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity (VIP) were measured in age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0380191803
04AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
Spontaneously hypertensive rats had significantly lower hippocampal VIP levels (-42%) than Wistar-Kyoto rats.
In plain wordsRats with high blood pressure had lower natural VIP in the hippocampus than normotensive rats.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseHippocampal VIP, SH versus WKY rats
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Comparator
Wistar-Kyoto rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition
Measurements
VIP difference
−42%
SH versus WKY hippocampus
Source sentences
Summary
In comparison to the WKY, the SH rats had significantly lower VIP levels in the hippocampus (-42%) and cervical (-46%) and thoracic (-56%) spinal cord but significantly higher levels in the midbrain (+64%).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The regional brain and spinal cord concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity (VIP) were measured in age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0380191804
05AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
Spontaneously hypertensive rats had significantly lower VIP levels in the cervical spinal cord (-46%) than Wistar-Kyoto rats.
In plain wordsRats with high blood pressure had lower natural VIP in the cervical spinal cord than normotensive rats.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseCervical spinal cord VIP, SH versus WKY rats
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Comparator
Wistar-Kyoto rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition
Measurements
VIP difference
−46%
SH versus WKY cervical spinal cord
Source sentences
Summary
In comparison to the WKY, the SH rats had significantly lower VIP levels in the hippocampus (-42%) and cervical (-46%) and thoracic (-56%) spinal cord but significantly higher levels in the midbrain (+64%).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The regional brain and spinal cord concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity (VIP) were measured in age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0380191805
06AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
Spontaneously hypertensive rats had significantly lower VIP levels in the thoracic spinal cord (-56%) than Wistar-Kyoto rats.
In plain wordsRats with high blood pressure had lower natural VIP in the thoracic spinal cord than normotensive rats.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
DecreaseThoracic spinal cord VIP, SH versus WKY rats
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Comparator
Wistar-Kyoto rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition
Measurements
VIP difference
−56%
SH versus WKY thoracic spinal cord
Source sentences
Summary
In comparison to the WKY, the SH rats had significantly lower VIP levels in the hippocampus (-42%) and cervical (-46%) and thoracic (-56%) spinal cord but significantly higher levels in the midbrain (+64%).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The regional brain and spinal cord concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity (VIP) were measured in age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0380191806
07AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Other
Spontaneously hypertensive rats had significantly higher VIP levels in the midbrain (+64%) than Wistar-Kyoto rats.
In plain wordsRats with high blood pressure had higher natural VIP in the midbrain than normotensive rats.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseMidbrain VIP, SH versus WKY rats
Study
ratn: not reported in source
Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Comparator
Wistar-Kyoto rats
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition
Measurements
VIP difference
64%
SH versus WKY midbrain
Source sentences
Summary
In comparison to the WKY, the SH rats had significantly lower VIP levels in the hippocampus (-42%) and cervical (-46%) and thoracic (-56%) spinal cord but significantly higher levels in the midbrain (+64%).
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The regional brain and spinal cord concentrations of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity (VIP) were measured in age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0380191807

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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