Evidence that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is a physiological prolactin-releasing factor in the bantam hen.

Macnamee MC, Sharp PJ, Lea RW, Sterling RJ, Harvey S

General and comparative endocrinology1 Jun 1986Cited by 79 (Europe PMC)

PMID3770438DOI10.1016/0016-6480(86)90057-2PepBankPUB-03770438

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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

6 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In incubating bantams deprived of nests for 24 hr, intravenous porcine VIP caused a dose-related increase in plasma prolactin.
In plain wordsIn incubating hens, VIP injected into a vein raised blood prolactin in a dose-related way.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreasePlasma prolactin after intravenous VIP
Study
bantam henn: not reported in source
in vivo
Outcome group
Pituitary hormones · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
12.5 to 100 micrograms kg-1 body wt · intravenousAs given in this study (bantam hen).
Source sentences
Summary
Intravenous injections of synthetic porcine VIP over a dose range of 12.5 to 100 micrograms kg-1 body wt resulted in dose-related increase in concentration of plasma prolactin in incubating bantams deprived of their nests for 24 hr.
Report a problemFND-0377043803
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In incubating bantams, intravenous VIP at the same doses did not stimulate growth hormone release.
In plain wordsIn incubating hens, VIP did not raise growth hormone release.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
No significant changeGrowth hormone release after VIP
Study
bantam henn: not reported in source
in vivo
Outcome group
Pituitary hormones · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
12.5 to 100 micrograms kg-1 body wt · intravenousAs given in this study (bantam hen).
Source sentences
Summary
Intravenous injections of synthetic porcine VIP over a dose range of 12.5 to 100 micrograms kg-1 body wt resulted in dose-related increase in concentration of plasma prolactin in incubating bantams deprived of their nests for 24 hr. These doses of VIP did not stimulate the release of growth hormone.
Report a problemFND-0377043804
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
After an intravenous injection of VIP at 50 micrograms kg-1, more prolactin was released in incubating bantams deprived of nests for 24 hr than in laying hens.
In plain wordsIn hens, the same VIP dose released more prolactin in incubating birds than in laying hens.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseProlactin release after 50 micrograms per kg VIP: incubating versus laying hens
Study
bantam henn: not reported in source
in vivo
Comparator
Laying hens
Outcome group
Pituitary hormones · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
50 micrograms kg-1 · intravenousAs given in this study (bantam hen).
Source sentences
Summary
Studies in vitro showed that the amount of prolactin released in response to an iv injection of 50 micrograms kg-1 VIP was greater in incubating birds deprived of their nests for 24 hr than in laying hens.
Report a problemFND-0377043807
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In ovariectomized hens, VIP at 50 micrograms kg-1 did not stimulate prolactin release unless the birds were first treated with oestrogen or oestrogen and progesterone.
In plain wordsIn ovariectomized hens, VIP did not raise prolactin unless the hens first got oestrogen, or oestrogen with progesterone.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
MixedProlactin release in ovariectomized hens
Study
bantam henn: not reported in source
in vivo
Outcome group
Pituitary hormones · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
50 micrograms kg-1As given in this study (bantam hen).
Source sentences
Summary
Prolactin release was not stimulated in ovariectomized hens after an injection of 50 micrograms kg-1 VIP unless the birds were first treated with oestrogen or oestrogen and progesterone.
Report a problemFND-0377043808
05LabEx vivo tissueEfficacy outcome
In anterior pituitary glands from bantams studied in vitro, synthetic VIP directly stimulated prolactin release.
In plain wordsIn lab tests on hen pituitary glands, VIP directly raised prolactin release.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseProlactin release from anterior pituitary in vitro
Study
bantam henn: not reported in source
anterior pituitary glands in vitro
Outcome group
Pituitary hormones · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
Studies in vitro showed that synthetic VIP directly stimulated prolactin release from the anterior pituitary gland.
Report a problemFND-0377043805
06LabEx vivo tissueEfficacy outcome
Pituitary glands from incubating bantams were more responsive to the prolactin-releasing effect of VIP than glands from laying birds.
In plain wordsIn lab tests, pituitary glands from incubating hens responded more to VIP than glands from laying hens.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseResponsiveness of pituitary glands: incubating versus laying birds
Study
bantam henn: not reported in source
anterior pituitary glands in vitro
Comparator
Glands from laying birds
Outcome group
Pituitary hormones · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
Dose not stated
Source sentences
Summary
The glands from incubating bantams were more responsive to the prolactin-releasing effects of VIP than were the glands from laying birds.
Report a problemFND-0377043806

Natural levels measured2

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

07AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In bantam hens, VIP-like immunoreactive terminals were abundant in the external layer of the median eminence, and most VIP cell bodies were in the basal hypothalamus.
In plain wordsIn bantam hens, the body's own VIP-like material was found in the base of the brain region that controls the pituitary.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableVIP localisation in median eminence and basal hypothalamus
Study
bantam henn: not reported in source
in vivo
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like material was localised immunohistochemically in the hypothalamus of the bantam hen. Abundant immunoreactive VIP terminals were seen in the external layer of the median eminence and most immunoreactive VIP cell bodies were located in the basal hypothalamus.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0377043801
08AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In bantam hens, a few VIP-like cell bodies and many fibres were found in the preoptic hypothalamus.
In plain wordsIn bantam hens, a few cells and many fibres with the body's own VIP-like material were found in the preoptic hypothalamus.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableVIP localisation in preoptic hypothalamus
Study
bantam henn: not reported in source
in vivo
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
A few immunoreactive VIP cell bodies and many fibres were found in the preoptic hypothalamus.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like material was localised immunohistochemically in the hypothalamus of the bantam hen.
This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0377043802

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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