Release of oxytocin and vasopressin by intracerebroventricular vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.

Bardrum B, Ottesen B, Fahrenkrug J, Fuchs AR

Endocrinology1 Nov 1988Cited by 27 (Europe PMC)

PMID3168920DOI10.1210/endo-123-5-2249PepBankPUB-03168920

Publisher page PubMedAsk about this study

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study12

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, after VIP at 3 nmol/kg.min peak plasma oxytocin was greater than peak plasma vasopressin.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain raised oxytocin more than vasopressin.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicablePeak plasma oxytocin versus vasopressin after VIP 3 nmol/kg.min
Study
Ratn = 6
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
3 nmol/kg.min · intracerebroventricular · 5 minAs given in this study (Rat).
Measurements
Peak plasma oxytocin
96.1 microU/ml
VIP 3 nmol/kg.min
Peak plasma vasopressin
33.9 microU/ml
VIP 3 nmol/kg.min
Source sentences
Summary
Peak levels after infusion of 3 nmol/kg.min were greater for OT than AVP [96.1 +/- 14.7 vs. 33.9 +/- 9 microU/ml (mean +/- SE); n = 6].
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
Report a problemFND-0316892003
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, intracerebroventricular VIP infusion raised plasma oxytocin in a dose-dependent manner; the rise was significant at 300 pmol/kg.min.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain raised blood oxytocin in step with the dose.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreasePlasma oxytocin after icv VIP
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
Control values
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min · intracerebroventricular · 5 minAs given in this study (Rat).
Source sentences
Summary
After the VIP infusions mean plasma OT and AVP levels rose in a dose-dependent manner; the rise was significant for both hormones at the dose of 300 pmol/kg.min.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
Report a problemFND-0316892001
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, intracerebroventricular VIP infusion raised plasma vasopressin in a dose-dependent manner; the rise was significant at 300 pmol/kg.min.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain raised blood vasopressin in step with the dose.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreasePlasma vasopressin after icv VIP
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
Control values
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min · intracerebroventricular · 5 minAs given in this study (Rat).
Source sentences
Summary
After the VIP infusions mean plasma OT and AVP levels rose in a dose-dependent manner; the rise was significant for both hormones at the dose of 300 pmol/kg.min.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
Report a problemFND-0316892002
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, plasma oxytocin was raised at 5 min after the start of VIP infusion, whereas plasma vasopressin was not raised until 15 min.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain raised blood oxytocin sooner than blood vasopressin.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableTime course of plasma oxytocin and vasopressin after VIP
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
Dose not stated · intracerebroventricular · 5 minAs given in this study (Rat).
Measurements
Time to raised plasma oxytocin
5 min
after VIP infusion began
Time to raised plasma vasopressin
15 min
after VIP infusion began
Source sentences
Summary
In addition, the concentration of plasma OT increased more promptly than that of AVP. Plasma OT was significantly raised over control values at 5 min, whereas plasma AVP was not increased until 15 min after the VIP infusion began.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
Report a problemFND-0316892004
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics
In rats, peripheral plasma VIP rose somewhat after intracerebroventricular infusion, but only 5% of the rise seen after systemic infusion of equimolar doses.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain reached the blood at only 5% of the level after infusion into the body.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreasePeripheral plasma VIP after icv infusion
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
Systemic infusion of equimolar doses
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Studied dose
10 micrograms/rat · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (Rat).
Measurements
Maximum plasma VIP after icv infusion
300 pmol/liter
30 min after 10 micrograms/rat
Maximum plasma VIP after systemic infusion
6000 pmol/liter
5 min after 10 micrograms/rat
Source sentences
Summary
The concentration of VIP in peripheral plasma rose somewhat after icv infusions (maximum, 300 pmol/liter 30 min after 10 micrograms/rat), but the rise was only 5% of that observed after systemic infusions of equimolar doses of VIP (maximum, 6000 pmol/liter 5 min after 10 micrograms/rat).
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
Report a problemFND-0316892005
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, peak plasma oxytocin after VIP at 3 nmol/kg.min was higher after intracerebroventricular than after systemic infusion.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain raised blood oxytocin more than the same dose infused into the body.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreasePeak plasma oxytocin, icv versus systemic VIP
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
Systemic VIP infusion, same dose
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
3 nmol/kg.min · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (Rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Peak plasma OT levels after administration of 3 nmol/kg.min VIP were significantly higher after icv than after systemic infusion of the same dose of VIP reported previously.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
Report a problemFND-0316892006
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, intravenous VIP antiserum given before icv VIP did not prevent the VIP-induced rise in plasma oxytocin and vasopressin.
In plain wordsIn rats, blocking VIP in the blood did not stop brain-infused VIP from raising oxytocin and vasopressin.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
No significant changeVIP-induced rise in oxytocin and vasopressin with VIP antiserum
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
VIP without antiserum
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Studied dose
1 microgram/rat · intracerebroventricularAs given in this study (Rat).
Source sentences
Summary
Intravenous injection of 0.5 ml VIP antiserum with a binding capacity of VIP of 2.3 micrograms/ml before the icv administration of VIP (1 microgram/rat) did not prevent the VIP-induced rise in plasma OT and AVP.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
Report a problemFND-0316892007

Natural levels measured5

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

08AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, after intracerebroventricular VIP at 3 nmol/kg.min, peak plasma oxytocin was greater than peak plasma vasopressin.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain raised the body's own oxytocin in the blood more than vasopressin.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
Not applicablePeak plasma oxytocin versus vasopressin after VIP 3 nmol/kg.min
Study
Ratn = 6
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
Peak plasma oxytocin
96.1 microU/ml
VIP 3 nmol/kg.min
Peak plasma vasopressin
33.9 microU/ml
VIP 3 nmol/kg.min
Source sentences
Summary
Peak levels after infusion of 3 nmol/kg.min were greater for OT than AVP [96.1 +/- 14.7 vs. 33.9 +/- 9 microU/ml (mean +/- SE); n = 6].
This result measures the body's own Oxytocin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0316892010
09AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, intracerebroventricular VIP infusion raised plasma levels of the body's own oxytocin in a dose-dependent manner; the rise was significant at 300 pmol/kg.min.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain raised the body's own oxytocin in the blood in step with the dose.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
IncreasePlasma oxytocin after icv VIP
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
Control values
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
After the VIP infusions mean plasma OT and AVP levels rose in a dose-dependent manner; the rise was significant for both hormones at the dose of 300 pmol/kg.min.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
This result measures the body's own Oxytocin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0316892008
10AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, plasma oxytocin was significantly raised over control values at 5 min after the start of VIP infusion.
In plain wordsIn rats, the body's own oxytocin in the blood rose within 5 minutes of VIP infusion into the brain.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
IncreaseTime course of plasma oxytocin after icv VIP
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
Control values
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Measurements
Time to raised plasma oxytocin
5 min
after VIP infusion began
Source sentences
Summary
Plasma OT was significantly raised over control values at 5 min, whereas plasma AVP was not increased until 15 min after the VIP infusion began.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
To test the hypothesis that VIP is a releasing factor for neurohypophyseal hormones, rats were given intracerebroventricular (icv) infusions of VIP in doses varying from 0.3 pmol/kg.min to 3 nmol/kg.min for 5 min (0.001-10 micrograms/rat).
Summary · context
Serial blood samples were drawn from the vena cava for measurement of oxytocin (OT), vasopressin (AVP), and VIP by RIA.
This result measures the body's own Oxytocin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0316892009
11AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, peak plasma oxytocin after VIP at 3 nmol/kg.min was higher after intracerebroventricular than after systemic infusion of the same dose.
In plain wordsIn rats, VIP infused into the brain raised the body's own oxytocin in the blood more than the same dose infused into the body.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
IncreasePeak plasma oxytocin, icv versus systemic VIP
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
Systemic VIP infusion, same dose
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
Peak plasma OT levels after administration of 3 nmol/kg.min VIP were significantly higher after icv than after systemic infusion of the same dose of VIP reported previously.
This result measures the body's own Oxytocin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0316892011
12AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In rats, intravenous VIP antiserum given before intracerebroventricular VIP did not prevent the VIP-induced rise in plasma oxytocin.
In plain wordsIn rats, blocking VIP in the blood did not stop brain-infused VIP from raising the body's own oxytocin.
Peptide
Oxytocin
Outcome
No significant changeVIP-induced rise in plasma oxytocin with VIP antiserum
Study
Ratn: not reported in source
Rats with intracerebroventricular infusion
Comparator
VIP without antiserum
Outcome group
Endogenous peptide levels · Endocrine and hormones
Source sentences
Summary
Intravenous injection of 0.5 ml VIP antiserum with a binding capacity of VIP of 2.3 micrograms/ml before the icv administration of VIP (1 microgram/rat) did not prevent the VIP-induced rise in plasma OT and AVP.
This result measures the body's own Oxytocin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.
Report a problemFND-0316892012

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 3Current
11 Oct 2026, 20:03 UTC
Study results updated
Version 2
9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC
Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 02:53 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

Release of oxytocin and vasopressin by intracerebroventricular vasoactive intestinal polypeptide.

Summary

Results from this study12

Natural levels measured5

Version history

Subjects

Publication types

MeSH terms