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Study · In vitro (cells) · 1989

7 results

Characterization of the immunoregulatory properties of thymosin alpha 1 on interleukin-2 production and interleukin-2 receptor expression in normal human lymphocytes.

Sztein MB, Serrate SA

International journal of immunopharmacology1 Jan 1989Cited by 51 (Europe PMC)

PMID2599716 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1016/0192-0561(89)90133-1 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-02599716
Publisher pagePubMedAsk about this study
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study7

7 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

  1. 01LabIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In human mononuclear cells, a 30-minute preincubation with thymosins, then washing and PHA exposure, enhanced IL-2 production induced by the mitogen.

    In plain wordsIn cells, a short exposure to thymosins made the cells produce more IL-2 when later stimulated.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreasePHA-induced IL-2 production
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human mononuclear cells (non-adherent cells, macrophages, Th and Tc cells)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 30 min preincubationAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    A short preincubation period (30 min) of non-adherent cells with thymosins, followed by extensive washing and subsequent exposure to PHA, was sufficient to enhance the production of IL-2 and the expression of IL-2R induced by the mitogen.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The present study focused on the characterization of the mechanisms involved in T alpha 1 and TF5 enhancement of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in human mononuclear cells.
  2. 02LabIn vitro (cells)Activity measurement

    In human mononuclear cells, a 30-minute preincubation with thymosins enhanced IL-2 receptor expression induced by PHA.

    In plain wordsIn cells, a short exposure to thymosins made the cells show more IL-2 receptors when later stimulated.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    IncreasePHA-induced IL-2 receptor expression
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human mononuclear cells (non-adherent cells, macrophages, Th and Tc cells)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated · 30 min preincubationAs given in this study (human).

    Source sentences

    Summary
    A short preincubation period (30 min) of non-adherent cells with thymosins, followed by extensive washing and subsequent exposure to PHA, was sufficient to enhance the production of IL-2 and the expression of IL-2R induced by the mitogen.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The present study focused on the characterization of the mechanisms involved in T alpha 1 and TF5 enhancement of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in human mononuclear cells.
  3. 03LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In human mononuclear cells, the enhancing effect of thymosin did not require PHA to be present during the preincubation.

    In plain wordsIn cells, thymosin did not need the mitogen to be present at the same time to enhance the response.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Not applicableNeed for concomitant PHA during preincubation
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human mononuclear cells (non-adherent cells, macrophages, Th and Tc cells)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Furthermore, the concomitant addition of PHA and thymosin during the preincubation period is not necessary for the enhancing effects to occur.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The present study focused on the characterization of the mechanisms involved in T alpha 1 and TF5 enhancement of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in human mononuclear cells.
  4. 04LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In human mononuclear cells, macrophages were not essential for the interaction of thymosins with T cells.

    In plain wordsIn cells, macrophages were not needed for thymosins to act on T cells.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    No significant changeRole of macrophages in thymosin interaction with T cells
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human mononuclear cells (non-adherent cells, macrophages, Th and Tc cells)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Results presented here indicate that macrophages are not essential for the interaction of thymosins with T-cells.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The present study focused on the characterization of the mechanisms involved in T alpha 1 and TF5 enhancement of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in human mononuclear cells.
  5. 05LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In human mononuclear cells, macrophages were required during mitogen exposure after thymosin preincubation for the enhancement of IL-2 production and IL-2R expression by TF5 and thymosin alpha‑1.

    In plain wordsIn cells, macrophages were needed during the second step for thymosin to enhance IL-2 production and IL-2 receptor expression.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Not applicableMacrophage requirement for enhanced IL-2 production and IL-2R expression
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human mononuclear cells (non-adherent cells, macrophages, Th and Tc cells)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    However, macrophages are an absolute requirement during the exposure to the mitogen after preincubation with thymosins for the manifestation of TF5- and T alpha 1-mediated enhancing effects on IL-2 production and IL-2R expression.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The present study focused on the characterization of the mechanisms involved in T alpha 1 and TF5 enhancement of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in human mononuclear cells.
  6. 06LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In human mononuclear cells, recombinant IL-1 beta replaced the macrophage requirement, which indicates that IL-1 production by macrophages is critical for thymosin modulation of the IL-2 system.

    In plain wordsIn cells, adding IL-1 beta could replace macrophages, which points to IL-1 as a key step in the thymosin effect.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Not applicableReplacement of macrophage requirement by rIL-1 beta
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human mononuclear cells (non-adherent cells, macrophages, Th and Tc cells)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Human recombinant interleukin-1 beta (rIL-1 beta) was able to replace this macrophage requirement, indicating that production of IL-1 by these cells is a critical event in thymosin modulation of the IL-2 system.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The present study focused on the characterization of the mechanisms involved in T alpha 1 and TF5 enhancement of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in human mononuclear cells.
  7. 07LabIn vitro (cells)Mechanism

    In human T-cell populations, flow cytometry and purified Th (CD4+) and Tc (CD8+) cells showed that both populations are targets of thymosin activity.

    In plain wordsIn cells, both helper and cytotoxic T cells responded as targets of thymosin.

    Peptide
    Thymosin alpha-1
    Outcome
    Not applicableTarget T-cell populations of thymosin activity
    Study

    humann: not reported in source

    Human mononuclear cells (non-adherent cells, macrophages, Th and Tc cells)
    Outcome group
    Immune response · Immune and inflammation
    Studied dose
    Dose not stated

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Two-color flow cytometric analysis and experiments involving the use of highly purified helper/inducer (Th, CD4+) and cytotoxic/suppressor (Tc, CD8+) T-cell populations indicated that both, Th and Tc cell populations are targets of thymosin activity.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The present study focused on the characterization of the mechanisms involved in T alpha 1 and TF5 enhancement of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced interleukin-2 (IL-2) secretion and interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression in human mononuclear cells.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    10 Oct 2026, 08:55 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 03:03 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 03:02 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

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