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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 1992

8 results

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of the mink (Mustela vision) is co-localized with vasopressin or oxytocin.

Larsen PJ, Mikkelsen JD

The Journal of comparative neurology1 Dec 1992Cited by 15 (Europe PMC)

PMID1479074 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1002/cne.903260203 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-01479074
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured8

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the mink hypothalamus, a large population of magnocellular VIP-immunoreactive neurons was present in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei and in accessory hypothalamic nuclei.

    In plain wordsIn mink, many hypothalamic nerve cells that make large amounts of the body's own VIP were found in several brain areas.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableVIP-immunoreactive magnocellular neurons in hypothalamic nuclei
    Study

    minkn: not reported in source

    Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of the mink
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The distribution of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) was analysed in perikarya of the mink hypothalamus with immunohistochemistry and, surprisingly, a large population of magnocellular VIP-immunoreactive neurons was present in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei as well as in accessory hypothalamic nuclei.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the mink, many VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers from the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei entered the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract.

    In plain wordsIn mink, many nerve fibers holding the body's own VIP ran from two hypothalamic areas into the pathway to the pituitary.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableVIP-immunoreactive fibers entering the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract
    Study

    minkn: not reported in source

    Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of the mink
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    From perikarya in the paraventricular as well as supraoptic nuclei, a large number of VIP immunoreactive nerve fibers was observed to enter the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the mink, a high density of VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers was present in the external and internal zones of the median eminence.

    In plain wordsIn mink, a dense network of nerve fibers holding the body's own VIP was found in the median eminence.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableVIP-immunoreactive fibers in the median eminence
    Study

    minkn: not reported in source

    Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of the mink
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Within the median eminence, a high density of VIP-immunoreactive nerve fibers was present in the external and internal zones.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  4. 04AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the mink, VIP-immunoreactive fibers coursed from the internal zone of the median eminence via the infundibular stalk to terminate in perivascular terminals in the neurohypophysis.

    In plain wordsIn mink, nerve fibers holding the body's own VIP ended near blood vessels in the back part of the pituitary.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableVIP-immunoreactive terminals in the neurohypophysis
    Study

    minkn: not reported in source

    Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of the mink
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    From the internal zone of the median eminence, fibers coursed via the infundibular stalk to terminate in perivascularly situated terminals in the neurohypophysis.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  5. 05AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the mink, small VIP-immunoreactive perikarya in the suprachiasmatic nucleus were immunoreactive to neither vasopressin nor neurophysin.

    In plain wordsIn mink, small nerve cells with the body's own VIP in the suprachiasmatic nucleus did not also carry vasopressin or neurophysin.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableVIP perikarya in the suprachiasmatic nucleus
    Study

    minkn: not reported in source

    Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of the mink
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    In addition, a substantial number of small VIP-immunoreactive perikarya was observed within the suprachiasmatic nucleus. These perikarya were immunoreactive to neither vasopressin nor neurophysin.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  6. 06AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the mink, VIP co-existed with neurophysin in nearly all magnocellular hypothalamo-neurohypophysial neurons.

    In plain wordsIn mink, the body's own VIP was found together with neurophysin in nearly all large hypothalamic nerve cells that project to the pituitary.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableCo-existence of VIP with neurophysin
    Study

    minkn: not reported in source

    Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of the mink
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    From these experiments it was evident that VIP in nearly all magnocellular hypothalamo-neurohypophysial neurons co-existed with neurophysin.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  7. 07AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the mink, about half of the VIP-immunoreactive magnocellular perikarya co-stored vasopressin, based on a semi-quantitative estimate.

    In plain wordsIn mink, about half of the large nerve cells with the body's own VIP also stored vasopressin, by a rough estimate.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    Not applicableCo-storage of VIP with vasopressin
    Study

    minkn: not reported in source

    Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of the mink
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Based on a semi-quantitative estimate, half the VIP-immunoreactive magnocellular perikarya co-stored vasopressin, while another half co-stored oxytoxin.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  8. 08AnimalEndogenous levelAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism

    In the mink, about half of the VIP-immunoreactive magnocellular perikarya co-stored oxytocin, based on a semi-quantitative estimate.

    In plain wordsIn mink, about half of the large nerve cells with VIP also stored the body's own oxytocin, by a rough estimate.

    Peptide
    Oxytocin
    Outcome
    Not applicableCo-storage of oxytocin with VIP in magnocellular perikarya
    Study

    minkn: not reported in source

    Hypothalamus and neurohypophysis of the mink
    Outcome group
    Endogenous peptide levels · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    Based on a semi-quantitative estimate, half the VIP-immunoreactive magnocellular perikarya co-stored vasopressin, while another half co-stored oxytoxin.

    This result measures the body's own Oxytocin. Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 3Current

    11 Oct 2026, 20:03 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 2

    9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC

    Study data updated · source update from Europe PMC

  3. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 02:53 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

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