Intestinal secretion induced by vasoactive intestinal polypeptide. A comparison with cholera toxin in the canine jejunum in vivo.

Krejs GJ, Barkley RM, Read NW, Fordtran JS

The Journal of clinical investigation1 May 1978Cited by 64 (Europe PMC)

PMID659596PMCIDPMC372656DOI10.1172/jci109051PepBankPUB-00659596

Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study8

8 results from studies that gave the peptide. No result from this study comes from people.

01AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Pharmacokinetics
In dogs, a mean plasma VIP concentration of 12,460 pg/ml was estimated to reach the jejunal loops by dye dilution.
In plain wordsIn dogs, the VIP concentration reaching the gut loops was estimated at about 12,460 pg/ml.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableEstimated plasma VIP concentration reaching the loops
Study
dogn: not reported in source
isolated jejunal loops in vivo
Outcome group
Pharmacokinetics · Pharmacology
Studied dose
0.08 mug/kg per min · intra-arterial (superior mesenteric artery) · 1 hAs given in this study (dog).
Measurements
Mean plasma VIP concentration
12,460 pg/ml
estimated, dye dilution
Source sentences
Summary
From a dye dilution method, it was estimated that a mean plasma VIP concentration of 12,460 pg/ml reached the loops.
1 context sentence(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
VIP (0.08 mug/kg per min) was administered directly into the superior mesenteric artery by continuous infusion over 1 h.
Report a problemFND-0065959601
02AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In dogs, VIP caused secretion of water and electrolytes in the jejunum; for chloride, control showed 8 mueq/cm per h absorption and VIP showed 92 mueq/cm per h secretion.
In plain wordsIn dogs, VIP made the small intestine secrete water and salts instead of absorbing them.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseIntestinal water and electrolyte transport
Study
dogn: not reported in source
isolated jejunal loops in vivo
Comparator
Control period
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal protection · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
0.08 mug/kg per min · intra-arterial (superior mesenteric artery) · 1 hAs given in this study (dog).
Measurements
Chloride absorption
8 mueq/cm per h
control
Chloride secretion
92 mueq/cm per h
VIP
Source sentences
Summary
VIP caused secretion of water and electrolytes; for example, chloride: control, 8 mueq/cm per h absorption; VIP, 92 mueq/cm per h secretion.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on intestinal water and electrolyte transport and transmucosal potential difference was investigated in the dog jejunum in vivo and compared to secretion induced by cholera toxin.
Summary · context
Isolated jejunal loops were perfused with a plasma-like electrolyte solution.
Report a problemFND-0065959602
03AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In dogs, VIP markedly increased the transmucosal potential difference (lumen negative) within 1 min of starting the infusion.
In plain wordsIn dogs, VIP quickly increased the electrical difference across the gut lining, within a minute of starting.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseTransmucosal potential difference
Study
dogn: not reported in source
isolated jejunal loops in vivo
Comparator
Control period
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal protection · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
0.08 mug/kg per min · intra-arterial (superior mesenteric artery) · 1 hAs given in this study (dog).
Measurements
Transmucosal potential difference
−1 mV
control
Transmucosal potential difference
−5.9 mV
VIP
Source sentences
Summary
A marked increase in transmucosal potential difference (control, -1.0 mV; VIP, -5.9 mV, lumen negative) occurred within 1 min after starting VIP infusion.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on intestinal water and electrolyte transport and transmucosal potential difference was investigated in the dog jejunum in vivo and compared to secretion induced by cholera toxin.
Summary · context
Isolated jejunal loops were perfused with a plasma-like electrolyte solution.
Report a problemFND-0065959603
04AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In dogs, VIP increased the plasma-to-lumen flux of sodium and chloride and decreased the lumen-to-plasma flux of sodium.
In plain wordsIn dogs, VIP increased the movement of sodium and chloride into the gut and reduced the movement of sodium out of it.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
MixedUnidirectional sodium and chloride fluxes
Study
dogn: not reported in source
isolated jejunal loops in vivo
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
0.08 mug/kg per min · intra-arterial (superior mesenteric artery) · 1 hAs given in this study (dog).
Source sentences
Summary
Analysis of unidirectional fluxes showed increased plasma-to-lumen flux of sodium and chloride and decreased lumen-to-plasma flux of sodium.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on intestinal water and electrolyte transport and transmucosal potential difference was investigated in the dog jejunum in vivo and compared to secretion induced by cholera toxin.
Summary · context
Isolated jejunal loops were perfused with a plasma-like electrolyte solution.
Report a problemFND-0065959604
05AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Mechanism
In dogs, VIP caused active secretion of chloride and bicarbonate against an electrochemical gradient, and flux ratio analysis suggested a component of active sodium secretion.
In plain wordsIn dogs, VIP made the gut actively push out chloride and bicarbonate, and possibly sodium.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseActive chloride, bicarbonate and sodium secretion
Study
dogn: not reported in source
isolated jejunal loops in vivo
Outcome group
Receptor activity and mechanism · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
0.08 mug/kg per min · intra-arterial (superior mesenteric artery) · 1 hAs given in this study (dog).
Source sentences
Summary
Chloride and bicarbonate were actively secreted against an electrochemical gradient. Although sodium secretion occurred down an electrochemical gradient, flux ratio analysis suggested a component of active sodium secretion.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on intestinal water and electrolyte transport and transmucosal potential difference was investigated in the dog jejunum in vivo and compared to secretion induced by cholera toxin.
Summary · context
Isolated jejunal loops were perfused with a plasma-like electrolyte solution.
Report a problemFND-0065959605
06AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Safety outcome
In dogs, VIP caused a slight increase in protein output into the jejunal loops.
In plain wordsIn dogs, VIP caused a slight rise in protein leaking into the gut loops.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
IncreaseProtein output into the loops
Study
dogn: not reported in source
isolated jejunal loops in vivo
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
0.08 mug/kg per min · intra-arterial (superior mesenteric artery) · 1 hAs given in this study (dog).
Source sentences
Summary
VIP caused a slight increase in protein output into the loops; light microscopy revealed capillary dilatation and closed intercellular spaces.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on intestinal water and electrolyte transport and transmucosal potential difference was investigated in the dog jejunum in vivo and compared to secretion induced by cholera toxin.
Summary · context
Isolated jejunal loops were perfused with a plasma-like electrolyte solution.
Report a problemFND-0065959606
07AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Safety outcome
In dogs, light microscopy after VIP infusion revealed capillary dilatation and closed intercellular spaces in the jejunum.
In plain wordsIn dogs, under the microscope, VIP caused widened small blood vessels and closed gaps between gut cells.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableCapillary dilatation and intercellular spaces on light microscopy
Study
dogn: not reported in source
isolated jejunal loops in vivo
Outcome group
Adverse events · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
0.08 mug/kg per min · intra-arterial (superior mesenteric artery) · 1 hAs given in this study (dog).
Source sentences
Summary
light microscopy revealed capillary dilatation and closed intercellular spaces.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on intestinal water and electrolyte transport and transmucosal potential difference was investigated in the dog jejunum in vivo and compared to secretion induced by cholera toxin.
Summary · context
Isolated jejunal loops were perfused with a plasma-like electrolyte solution.
Report a problemFND-0065959607
08AnimalAnimal study (in vivo)Efficacy outcome
In dogs, the effect of VIP on the jejunum was readily reversible.
In plain wordsIn dogs, the effect of VIP on the gut wore off easily.
Peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
Outcome
Not applicableReversibility of the VIP effect
Study
dogn: not reported in source
isolated jejunal loops in vivo
Outcome group
Gastrointestinal protection · Gastrointestinal
Studied dose
0.08 mug/kg per min · intra-arterial (superior mesenteric artery) · 1 hAs given in this study (dog).
Source sentences
Summary
The effect of VIP was readily reversible.
2 context sentences(design, population, supporting numbers)
Summary · context
The effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) on intestinal water and electrolyte transport and transmucosal potential difference was investigated in the dog jejunum in vivo and compared to secretion induced by cholera toxin.
Summary · context
Isolated jejunal loops were perfused with a plasma-like electrolyte solution.
Report a problemFND-0065959608

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

Version 2Current
12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC
Study results updated
Version 1
9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC
First added · source update from Europe PMC

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