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Study · Measured the body's own peptide · 1977

3 results

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in brain: localization in and release from isolated nerve terminals.

Giachetti A, Said SI, Reynolds RC, Koniges FC

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1 Aug 1977Cited by 83 (Europe PMC)

PMID269401 (opens in a new tab)PMCIDPMC431590 (opens in a new tab)DOI10.1073/pnas.74.8.3424 (opens in a new tab)PepBankPUB-00269401
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Summary

The text of this summary is not shown here, because the article license does not allow reuse. Read it at the source (opens in a new tab)

Text rights: Publisher copyright. Results still quote short attributed sentences.

Results from this study3

No result from this study comes from a test of the peptide.

Natural levels measured3

These results measure the body's own peptide. Nobody was given the peptide. They are not evidence about taking it. They are left out of key results, evidence counts and charts.

  1. 01LabEndogenous levelEx vivo tissueOther

    In rat brain synaptosomal preparations, the body's own VIP was present in higher concentrations than in whole tissue.

    In plain wordsIn lab preparations of rat brain nerve endings, the body's own VIP was more concentrated than in whole brain tissue.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    IncreaseVIP concentration in synaptosomal preparations versus whole tissue
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    synaptosomal preparations from cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and striatum
    Comparator
    Whole tissue
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The vasoactive intestinal polypeptide was present in synaptosomal (nerve ending) preparations from cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and striatum of rat brain in higher concentrations than in these tissues as a whole.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  2. 02LabEndogenous levelEx vivo tissueOther

    In rat brain synaptosomal fractions, the content and relative specific activity of the body's own VIP increased with progressive purification, like known synaptosomal constituents.

    In plain wordsIn lab preparations of rat brain, the body's own VIP rose as nerve endings were purified, like other nerve ending markers.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    IncreaseVIP content with purification of synaptosomal fractions
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    synaptosomal preparations from cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and striatum
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The total content and relative specific activity of the peptide increased with progressive purification of the synaptosomal fractions and generally followed the distribution of known synaptosomal constituents--dopamine, norepinephrine, and lactate dehydrogenase (L-lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.27).
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The vasoactive intestinal polypeptide was present in synaptosomal (nerve ending) preparations from cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and striatum of rat brain in higher concentrations than in these tissues as a whole.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

  3. 03LabEndogenous levelEx vivo tissueMechanism

    Rat brain synaptosomal pellets released the body's own VIP with increased K+ concentration, and the release was Ca2+-dependent.

    In plain wordsIn lab preparations of rat brain, the body's own VIP was released when potassium rose, and calcium was needed.

    Peptide
    Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil)
    Outcome
    IncreaseK+-evoked VIP release from synaptosomal pellets
    Study

    ratn: not reported in source

    synaptosomal preparations from cerebral cortex, hypothalamus and striatum
    Outcome group
    Neuroprotection · Nervous system and cognition

    Source sentences

    Summary
    The peptide was also released from synaptosomal pellets with increased K+ concentration, and this release was Ca2+-dependent.
    1 context sentence
    Summary · context
    The vasoactive intestinal polypeptide was present in synaptosomal (nerve ending) preparations from cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and striatum of rat brain in higher concentrations than in these tissues as a whole.

    This result measures the body's own Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP, aviptadil). Nobody was given the peptide. It is not evidence about taking it.

AI wrote and checked these results. AI can make mistakes, so check important results against the source.

Version history

PepBank keeps every version of the data on this study. Status changes from Retraction Watch, Europe PMC and Crossref are listed with their source.

  1. Version 2Current

    12 Oct 2026, 12:58 UTC

    Study results updated

  2. Version 1

    9 Oct 2026, 12:41 UTC

    First added · source update from Europe PMC

Subjects

Terms as the source lists them.

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